School Shootings Essay Research Paper Georgia Colorado (стр. 2 из 3)

Under 300 | 2,632 | 58 | 5.8 | 44 | 4.2 | 21 | 3.3 | 10 | 1.8

300 – 599 | 7,820 | 68 | 3.3 | 53 | 4.5 | 27 | 2.2 | 13 | 1.3

600 – 999 | 6,176 | 74 | 1.3 | 59 | 1.4 | 25 | 1.2 | 12 | 0.9

1,000 or more | 7,433 | 75 | 1.2 | 60 | 1.4 | 25 | 1.1 | 10 | 0.8

| | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | |

school | 9,598 | 70 | 1.9 | 54 | 2.9 | 22 | 1.4 | 10 | 0.9

mixed school | 6,449 | 75 | 2.6 | 61 | 2.6 | 27 | 1.7 | 13 | 1.0

white school | 789 | 74 | 3.6 | 59 | 4.2 | 25 | 3.4 | 15 | 2.4

black school | 1,055 | 70 | 3.4 | 56 | 3.3 | 27 | 3.0 | 10 | 1.8

mixed school | 1,958 | 68 | 7.3 | 55 | 6.3 | 29 | 3.5 | 11 | 2.4

black school | 814 | 69 | 4.2 |56 |4.5 | 22 | 3.8 | 14 | 3.0

combination | 3,399 | 64 | 6.5 | 48 | 4.8 | 26 | 4.9 | 12 | 3.2

| | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | |

White, non-Hispanic | 16,835 | 72 | 2.0 | 57 | 2.6 | 24 | 1.3 | 12 | 0.7

Black, non-Hispanic | 3.826 | 69 | 4.0 | 56 | 3.4 | 27 | 2.1 | 12 | 1.2

Hispanic | 2,636 | 65 | 1.9 | 51 | 2.3 | 30 | 2.0 | 11 | 1.4

Other races | 762 | 64 | 6.5 | 48 | 4.8 | 26 | 4.9 | 12 | 3.2

| | | | | | | | |

Sex | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | |

Male | 12,040 | 71 | 1.4 | 58 | 2.4 | 25 | 1.5 | 14 | 1.0

Female | 12,020 | 70 | 3.0 | 54 | 2.3 | 26 | 1.3 | 9 | 0.7

______________________|___________|____|_____|____|_____|____|_____|____|_____

1. Includes school activities during the day and on the way to and from school.

2. Schools were classified according to the lowest and highest grades at the school. Schools in which the lowest grade was 3 or less and the highest grade was 8 or less were classified as elementary. Middle or junior high schools were those that had a low grade of 4 through 9 and a high grade of 4 through 9. Senior high schools had a low grade of 7 through 12 and a high grade of 10 through 12. Schools that did not precisely meet these qualifica- tions were classified as “combined.”

3. School type was defined by the parents of the students who were inter- viewed as an assigned public school, a public school that was chosen by the family, or a private school.

4. School size was determined by the estimate of parents of students who were asked to choose from among the following four categories: under 300, 300 to 599, 600 to 999, or 1,000 or more. Parents who were only able to estimate the number of students in their child’s grade were allowed to do so, and that answer was converted to size of school based upon the number of grades in the school.

5. School racial composition was measured by parent reports. Schools were characterized as having more than 75 percent of students in the same racial/ ethnic group as the child, between 25 and 75 percent, or less than 25 percent in the same racial/ethnic group.

NOTE: s.e. is standard error. Number of students may not add to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Survey, 1993.

Table 2.- Percentage of students reporting victimization at school, 1 by school and family characteristics: 1993

______________________________________________________________________________

| |

| Number of | Type of incident

| students |____________________________________________

Characteristics | in grades | | Physical |

| 6 through | Bullying | attack | Robbery

| 12 |_____________|______________|______________

| | | | | | |

|(thousands)| % | s.e. | % | s.e. | % | s.e.

______________________|___________|______|______|______|_______|_____|_________

| | | | | | |

Total . . . . . . . | 24,060 | 8 | 0.5 | 4 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

Elementary school | 2,663 | 10 | 1.6 | 4 | 1.0 | 1 | 0.4

high school | 7,418 | 12 | 0.8 | 5 | 0.7 | 2 | 0.3

Senior high school | 11,539 | 6 | 0.5 | 3 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2

Combined | 2,440 | 9 | 1.4 | 3 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.4

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

Public, assigned | 19,507 | 9 | 0.5 | 4 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2

Public, chosen | 2,683 | 8 | 1.4 | 4 | 1.0 | 1 | 0.4

Private | 1,870 | 5 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.5 | * | 0.3

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

Under 300 | 2,632 | 7 | 1.4 | 4 | 1.0 | * | 0.2

300 – 599 | 7,820 | 10 | 1.0 | 4 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.3

600 – 999 | 6,176 | 8 | 0.8 | 3 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.3

1,000 or more | 7,433 | 7 | 0.7 | 4 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.2

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

school | 9,598 | 8 | 0.7 | 3 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.1

mixed school | 6,449 | 10 | 0.8 | 4 | 0.6 | 2 | 0.3

white school | 789 | 9 | 2.2 | 5 | 1.7 | 3 | 1.2

black school | 1,055 | 8 | 1.7 | 3 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.4

mixed school | 1,958 | 6 | 1.5 | 5 | 1.7 | 1 | 0.6

black school | 814 | 9 | 2.7 | 5 | 2.0 | 2 | 1.1

combination | 3,399 | 7 | 1.0 | 4 | 0.8 | 2 | 0.5

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

White, non-Hispanic | 16,835 | 9 | 0.5 | 3 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2

Black, non-Hispanic | 3.826 | 7 | 0.9 | 5 | 1.0 | 1 | 0.4

Hispanic | 2,636 | 6 | 0.8 | 4 | 0.9 | 2 | 0.5

Other races | 762 | 9 | 2.7 | 3 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.6

| | | | | | |

Sex | | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

Male | 12,040 | 10 | 0.7 | 5 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.2

Female | 12,020 | 7 | 0.6 | 2 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.2

________________________________________________________________________

* Less than 0.5 percent.

1. Includes school activities during the day and on the way to and from school.

3. School type was defined by the parents of the students who were inter- viewed as an assigned public school, a public school that was chosen by the family, or a private school.

NOTE: s.e. is standard error. Number of students may not add to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Survey, 1993.

With these children it’s all about prevention. Everyone has their own

way of preventing violence. The U.S. Department of Education released a

Survey to every school district in the U.S. requesting information on violence in the schools. Following is a copy of the survey in which certain questions are asked about the violence occurring in the schools.

If every community gets together and tries to come up with ways to prevent youth violence, then we can minimize the violence amongst our children. Once that happens no one will have to worry about their child coming home from school or worry about their child being the center of another school shooting.

Survey Questionnaire

Definitions

Firearm – any weapon that is designed to (or may readily be converted to) expel a projectile by the action of an explosive. This includes guns, bombs, grenades, mines, rockets, missiles, pipebombs, or similar devices designed to explode and capable of causing bodily harm or property damage.

Incident – a specific criminal act or offense involving one or more victims and one or more offenders.

Physical attack or fight with a weapon – an actual and intentional touching or striking of another person against his or her will, or the intentional causing of bodily harm to an individual with a weapon. This category should be used only when the attack is serious enough to warrant calling the police or other law enforcement representative.

Physical attack or fight without a weapon – an actual and intentional touching or striking of another person against his or her will, or the intentional causing of bodily harm to an individual without using a weapon. This category should be used only when the attack is serious enough to warrant calling the police or other law enforcement representative.

Police or other law enforcement representatives – any regular state or local law enforcement officers, school resource officers, campus police, security personnel employed by school or district, or other security personnel with power to arrest or hold for arrest.

Robbery – the taking or attempting to take anything of value that is owned by another person or organization, under confrontational circumstances by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear. A key difference between robbery and theft/larceny is that a threat or battery is involved in robbery.

Sexual battery – an incident that includes rape, fondling, indecent liberties, child molestation, or sodomy. These incidents should take into consideration the age and developmentally appropriate behavior of the offenders and are severe enough to warrant calling the police or other law enforcement representative.

Theft/larceny – the unlawful taking of another person’s property without personal confrontation, threat, violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from vending machines, and all other types of thefts.

Typical week – a typical full week of school. Avoid weeks with holidays, vacation periods, or weeks when unusual events took place at the school.

Vandalism – the damage or destruction of school property including bombing, arson, graffiti, and other acts that cause property damage.

Weapon – any instrument or object used with the intent to threaten, injure, or kill. Examples include guns, knives, razor blades or other sharp-edged objects, ice picks, other pointed objects (including pens, pencils), baseball bats, frying pans, sticks, rocks, and bottles.

Zero tolerance policy – a school or district policy that mandates predetermined consequences or punishment for specific offenses.

1. Circle the number indicating to what extent, if any, each of the following has been a problem in your school during the 1996-97 school year.

Serious Moderate Minor Not a problem

a. Student tardiness 1 2 3 4

b. Student absenteeism/class cutting 1 2 3 4

c. Physical conflicts among students 1 2 3 4

d. Robbery or theft of items over $10 1 2 3 4

e. Vandalism of school property 1 2 3 4

f. Student alcohol use 1 2 3 4

g. Student drug use 1 2 3 4

h. Sale of drugs on school grounds 1 2 3 4

i. Student tobacco use 1 2 3 4

j. Student possession of weapons 1 2 3 4

k. Trespassing 1 2 3 4

l. Verbal abuse of teachers 1 2 3 4

m. Physical abuse of teachers 1 2 3 4

n. Teacher absenteeism 1 2 3 4

o. Teacher alcohol or drug use 1 2 3 4

p. Racial tensions 1 2 3 4

q. Gangs 1 2 3 4

2. During the 1996-97 school year, how many incidents involving each type of the following crimes or offenses have occurred at your school? Only include incidents in which police or other law enforcement representatives (see definition) were contacted.

In column I, record the number of incidents for each type of crime in which one or more incidents occurred at your school.

? If one incident included multiple crimes, include the incident only once in the first appropriate crime listed. For example, if an incident included murder and rape, include the incident only under murder.

? Include all incidents that occurred “at your school” including in school buildings, on school buses, on school grounds, and at places that are holding school-sponsored events or activities, but are not officially on school grounds. Include events or activities that took place both during and after normal school hours, including days when school was not in session.

? If a particular incident has not occurred at your school during the 1996-97 school year, enter “0″ in column I and leave columns II and III blank.

In column II, indicate how many of the incidents reported in column I involved one or more of your students as either a victim or perpetrator.

In column III, indicate how many of the incidents reported in column I occurred either during school hours or at school-sponsored events or activities after school hours.

I. Number of incidents in which police or other law enforcement were contacted? II. How many incidents involved students as either victims or perpetrators? III. How many incidents occurred during school hours or at school-sponsored events or activities?

a. Murder ______ ______ ______

b. Rape or other type of sexual battery ______ ______ ______

c. Suicide ______ ______ ______

d. Physical attack or fight with a weapon ______ ______ ______

e. Physical attack or fight without a weapon ______ ______ ______

f. Robbery – the taking of things directly from a person by force ______ ______ ______

g. Theft/larceny – the taking of things without personal confrontation ______ ______ ______

h. Vandalism – damage or destruction of school property or personal items on school property ______ ______ ______

3. Does your school have a policy to report information about the types of incidents listed in question 2 to the public (e.g., to parents in a school newsletter)?

Yes 1 No 2

4. During the 1996-97 school year, how many of the following disciplinary actions have been taken for each of the listed offenses? Include all incidents listed below (a-d) for which the following disciplinary actions have been taken. Police or other law enforcement representatives need not have been called. Report the number of times a given disciplinary action was taken-one student suspended 5 times would be 5 suspensions.

Numbers of:

Expulsions Transfers to alternative schools or programs Out-of-school suspensions lasting 5 or more days

a. Possession or use of a firearm ______ ______ ______

b. Possession or use of a firearm ______ ______ ______

c. Possession, distribution, or use of alcohol or drugs, including tobacco ______ ______ ______

d. Physical attacks or fights ______ ______ ______

5. During the 1996-97 school year, did your school have:

Yes No

a. A requirement that visitors sign or check in? 1 2

b. Controlled access to school grounds (e.g., locked or monitored gates)? 1 2

c. Controlled access to school buildings (e.g., locked or monitored doors)? 1 2

d. Metal detectors through which all students must pass each day? 1 2

e. Random metal detector checks on students? 1 2

f. Closed campus for most students during lunch (i.e., most students are not allowed to leave school grounds for lunch)? 1 2

g. One or more drug sweeps (e.g., locker searches, dog searches)? 1 2

6. In a typical week during the 1996-97 school year, how many school hours have one or more police or other law enforcement representatives (see definition) been stationed at your school (other than for instructional purposes)? (Circle one)

30 hours or more per week 1

10-29 hours per week 2

1-9 hours per week 3

None during the typical week, but stationed as needed 4

None stationed at school during 1996-97 5

7. During the 1996-97 school year, does your school have a zero tolerance policy (see definition) for:

Yes No

a. Violence? 1 2

b. Firearms? 1 2

c. Weapons, other than firearms? 1 2