1. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в соответствии с правилом согласования времен, и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The media reported that there (to be) a series of financial crimes. 2. When he arrived at the office he discovered that he (to leave) all the nessessary papers at home. 3. The workers knew that the problem of pay rise (to be discussed) the following week. 4. The manager said that the goods (to be delivered) in April. 5. Representatives of the company said that new investment (to let) them raise the production and work more efficiently. 6. Senators stated that the new law (not to be accepted) until it was approved by the House. 7. He was interested to know what kinds of goods they (to sell). 8. They were sure that the manager (to offer) them a higher discount. 9. He supposed that there (to be) a heavy demand for the goods. 10. The Manager asked what terms of payment (to suit) them.
2. Перепишите следующие предложения, употребляя сложное дополнение вместо придаточного дополнительного предложения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. He thought the negotiations were a success. 2. He supposed they would keep him informed of any new development. 3. He promised that he would send them the samples as soon as possible. 4. He thought that the last consignment would be four days late. 5. They promised that they would replace all the faulty parts. 6. They didn’t believe that they woud have problems with the production line. 7. He didn’t expect that the samples were all damaged. 8. He supposed that they would arrange the replacement promptly. 9. He didn’t think that the problem was serious. 10. He expects that the strikes will not damage his profit.
3. Поставьте глагол в соответствующее время, форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. If we install the new system, it (to cost) us $3,000,000. 2. I heard you (to have) a reduction in the training budget. 3. I’m told that 50 people (to lose) their jobs since last week. 4. We expect the sales (to increase) dramatically next year. 5. The turnover in the product (to reach) a peak lately. 6. He asked if I (to join) them for a barbecue the following Sunday. 7. I think we (to do) a lot of things for today. 8. I think you should adopt new strategy if sales (to fall) dramatically. 9. Why our clients (to complain) about the service last week? 10. He said that we (to change) our investment policy soon.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК
НОРМАТИВНЫЕ ПРЕДМЕТНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА
Appendix1
THE PRONOUN
МЕСТОИМЕНИЕ
| ЛИЧНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ (кто) (кого, кому, кем, о ком) Who ? Whom? | ПРИТЯЖАТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ (ЧЕЙ) Whose? | |
| ИМЕНИТ. ПАДЕЖ | КОСВЕН. ПАДЕЖИ | |
| I | me | my |
| You | you | your |
| He | him | his |
| She | her | her |
| It | it | its |
| We | us | our |
| You | you | your |
| They | them | their |
Appendix 2
THE VERB TO BE in Present Simple
| + | - | ? | ||
| I am a student. | I am not a student. | Am I a student? | ||
| You are a student. | You are not a student. | Are you a student? | ||
| He is a student. | He is not a student. | Is he a student? | ||
| It is a student. | It is not a student. | Is it a student? | ||
| She is a student. | She is not a student. | Is she a student? | ||
| We are students. | We are not students. | Are we students? | ||
| You are students. | You are not students. | Are you students? | ||
| They are students. | They are not students. | Are they students? | ||
| THE VERB TO BE in Past Simple | ||||
| + | - | ? | ||
| I was a lovely child. | I was not a naughty child. | Was I a lovely child? | ||
| He was a lovely child. | He was not a naughty child. | Was he a lovely child? | ||
| She was a lovely child. | She was not a naughty child. | Was she a lovely child? | ||
| It was a lovely day. | It was not a gloomy day. | Was it a lovely day? | ||
| We were lovely children. | We were not naughty kids. | Were we lovely children? | ||
| You were lovely children. | You were not naughty kids | Were you lovely children? | ||
| They were lovely children. | They were not naughty kids. | Were they lovely children? | ||
THE VERB TO BE in Future Simple
| + | - | ? |
| I will be all right. | I will not be bad. | Will I be all right? |
| You will be all right. | You will not be bad. | Will you be all right? |
| He will be all right. | He will not be bad. | Will he be all right? |
| She will be all right. | She will not be bad. | Will she be all right? |
| It will be all right. | It will not be bad. | Will it be all right? |
| We will be all right. | We will not be bad. | Will we be all right? |
| You will be all right. | You will not be bad. | Will you be all right? |
| They will be all right. | They will not be bad. | Will they be all right? |
Сводная таблица изменений видовременных форм глагола в действительном залоге Appendix3
| S I M P L E | PRESENT | PAST | FUTURE |
| Always, usually, sometimes, often, seldom, never, every day (week, month, year), twice | Yesterday, last week (month, year, summer) …ago, When? | Tomorrow, next week (year, Sunday), in a week, soon | |
| I V1 You play We write They | V2 played – прав. гл. wrote – не прав. гл. | will+V1 will play will write | |
| He plays She writes It | |||
| I You play We do not write They (don’t)_____________________ He does not play She (doesn’t) write It | did not+V1 did not play (didn’t) write | will not+V1 will not play (won’t) write | |
| I Do you play …? we write…? they_______________________ he Does she play…? It write…? | Did+подлежащее+V1…? Did I/you/we/they/he/she/it play? Did I/you/we/they/he/she/it write? | Will +подлежащее+V1…? Will I/ you/we/they/he/she/it play? Will I/you/we/they/he/she/it write? | |
| C O N T I N U O U S | Now; at this moment; Look! | Yesterday at 5 o’clock; when you came | Tomorrow at this time; when you come |
| To be+ V4 I am You playing We are writing They____________ He She is It | was / were +V4 You We were They________________ playing I He was writing She | will be+V4 will be playing will be writing | |
| To be not + V4 I am You not playing We are writing They____________ He She is It | was / were +not + V4 You We were They______________not playing I He was writing She | will be+ not + V4 will not be playing will not be writing | |
| Am I you Are we they playing? he writing? Is she it | I Was he She it playing? you writing? Were we they | Will +подлежащее+ be+V4…? I you he Will she be playing? it writing? we they |
| P E R F E C T | PRESENT | PAST | FUTURE |
| Just; already; yet; before, lately, so far; never; ever; since | Before he came; by 5 o’clock yesterday | Before you come; by 5 o’clock tomorrow | |
| have / has + V3 I V1 You have played We written They | had + V3 had played had written | will have+V3 will have played will have written | |
| He played She has written It | |||
| I You played We have not written They _(haven’t)____________________ He has not played She (hasn’t) written It | had not + V3 had not played had not written | will not have+V1 will not have played (won’t) have written | |
| I Have you played …? we written…? they_______________________ he Has she played…? it written…? | Had + подлежащее + V3? Had I/you/he/she/it/we/they played? Had I/you/he/she/it/we/they written? | Will +have+ подлежащее+V3…? Will I/you/we/they/he/she/it play? Will I/you/we/they/he/she/it write? | |
| P E R F E C T C O N T I N U O U S | For 3 hours already; since morning; since he came; How long…? Since when…? | Since the time when; before he came for 3 hours; | For 3 hours before you come |
| Have / has been+ V4 I You We have been They____________ playing He writing She has been It | Had been+V4 had been playing had been writing | will have been +V4 will have been playing will have been writing | |
| Have / has not + V4 I You We have not been They____________ playing He writing She has not been It | had+ not + been +V4 had not been playing had not been writing | Will not have been +V4 will not have been playing will not have been writing | |
| I you Have we been they playing? he writing? Has she been it | Had + подлежащее + been +V4? Had I/you/he/she/it/we/they been playing? Had I/you/he/she/it/we/they been writing? | Will+подлежащее+have+been+V4? I you he Will she have been playing? it writing? we they |
Appendix 4
Сводная таблица спряжения глаголов в страдательном залоге
| PRESENT | PAST | FUTURE | |
| S I M P L E | I am He/she/it is + V3 We/you/they are | I/he/she/it was + V3 we/you/they were | will be + V3 |
| C O N T I N U O U S | am is being + V3 are | was being + V3 were | Не используется |
| P E R F E C T | We/you/they have been + V3 He/she/it has | had been + V3 | will have been +V3 |
Appendix 5
| Типы вопросов | ||
| Тип вопроса | вопрос | ответ |
| Общие вопросы | Do you work? Is she reading? | Yes, I do. / No. I don't Yes, she is. / No, she isn't |
| Специальные вопросы | Where do you work? What is she reading? | I work at а plant. She is reading a book. |
| Who knows this story? | He (does). | |
| Разделительные вопросы | You work much, don't you? She can't sing, can she? | Yes, I do. / No, I don’t Yes, she can. / No, she can't. |
| Альтернативные вопросы | ( have you) Have you a flat or a room? ( does he know) Does he know French or English? | I have a flat. He knows English. |
Appendix 6