V. Переведите следующие предложения. Подчеркните герундий.
Пример:
1. There are different methods of prosecuting offenders.
Существуют различные методы преследования правонарушителей.
2. I remember of his having already been questioned before the trial..
Я помню, что его уже допрашивали перед судебным разбирательством.
1. The Governments strategy for dealing with crime is also concerned with ensuring that public confidence in the criminal justice system is maintained and that a proper balance between the rights of the citizen and the needs of the community as a whole is maintained.
2. He was accused of having deserted his ship.
3. The defendant cannot be questioned without consenting to sweat as a witness in his or her own defense.
4. The Police must caution a person whom there are grounds to suspect of an offence before any questions are put for the purpose of obtaining evidence.
5. The safe showed no sings of having been touched.
VI. Переведите предложения, подчеркните конструкции с инфинитивом, укажите вид конструкций.
Пример:
She is said to be a good student.( сложное подлежащее).
Говорят, что она хорошая студентка.
1. On hearing the verdict the accused felt his heart beat with joy.
2. Everyone wished the judge to start proceedings as soon as possible.
3. The young offender was seen to be working very hard.
4. The people of Great Britain seem to believe that the two-party system suits them best.
5. The data appeared to be wrong.
6. The juvenile court wants this child to have a guardian.
VII. Переведите на русский язык, подчеркните конструкции с причастием.
Пример:
The problem being discussed at the conference must be solved.
Проблема, обсуждаемая (которая обсуждается) на конференции, должна быть решена.
1. Helen saw a policeman, detaining the offender
2. According to the Road Traffic Act 1991 there being an offence, such as speeding, careless or dangerous driving, the accused must be warned at the time of the offence that prosecution will be considered.
VIII. Переведите предложения на русский язык, подчеркните придаточные предложения, укажите их вид.
Пример:
When I see him tomorrow I will invite him to our party ( придаточное времени)
Когда завтра я увижу его, я приглашу его на нашу вечеринку.
1. When I go out, I’ll close the window.
2. We don’t know when she will come.
3. If I see that criminal, I’ll let you know.
4. If you don’t be able to write the test, let me know.
IX. Переведите следующие словосочетания на русский язык, подчеркните причастие, укажите его форму.
Пример:
She had heard very little being absorbed in her own reflections
(Причастие П).
Она услышала очень мало, так как была поглощена своими
размышлениями.
1.the developed fingerprints; 2.the suspect watched by the inspector; 3.the facts spoken about were…; 4.the organizing commission; 5.an apprehending officer; 6.a suffering victim; 7.the presiding officer, was…; 8.a bobby-handler called to the crime search, was…; 9.when stolen, the auto could be… .
X. Измените данные предложения, употребив пассивный залог, подчеркните сказуемое. Переведите на русский язык.
Пример:
The students saw this English film
Студенты видели этот фильм.
This English film was seen by the students.
Этот английский фильм был посмотрен студентами.
1. He has just finished his report.
2. I bought this book yesterday.
3. You translated this text quite well.
4. The Law Institute trains future detectives and investigators.
5. We are searching a crime scene now.
Вариант III
XI. Перепишите и письменно переведите выделенный абзац текста.
Identity of the Victim in Crimes of Malice (Homicide)
The first problem in relation to the victim is to determine his identity. As soon as identity is established, a history of the victim should be secured. This history, which may reveal factors leading to his death, takes up his life from the last moment he was seen alive and may go as far as his childhood or birth. His immediate past is usually the most important, especially the last moments or days.
Establishment of the victim’s identity is closely related to his story. To be accurate, the victim’s own peculiar history must fit (соответствовать) into the circumstances immediately preceding the mortal injury. Identification is established easily when the victim was in company with his acquaintances at the time he received the mortal injury and the victim remained in the presence of the witnesses. Difficulties in identification seem to increase whenever there is a space of time between the last known appearance of the victim and the time the body is found. The problem of identity is a serious difficulty when the victim is a stranger in the community or when his body has been decomposed (разлагаться) or mutilated (увечить, калечить).
The work of identification is known to include taking fingerprints, photographs, masks in moulage, descriptions and measurements with attention paid to the physical characteristics that are peculiar to that person. Clothing and other items are examined for trade marks, laundry (прачечная) marks, or other markings that will furnish clues. If wound are on the body, it is important to know if the clothing was or was not covering the place where the wound was inflicted. Identification is best established by fingerprints if they were taken before death and that person accurately identified at the time the prints were taken. Identification by some person who knows the victim well and views the body is the next best.
II. Выпишите из текста 3 предложения с модальными глаголами, дайте их
перевод.
III. Выпишите из текста комплексы с инфинитивом ( Complex Subject and Complex Object). Предложения переведите.
IV. Выпишите из текста предложения с глаголами в страдательном залоге, укажите видо-временную форму глагола. Предложения переведите.
V. Переведите следующие предложения. Подчеркните герундий.
Пример:
1. There are different methods of prosecuting offenders.
Существуют различные методы преследования правонарушителей.
2. I remember of his having already been questioned before the trial.
Я помню, что его уже допрашивали перед судебным разбирательством.
1. With continuing concern in Britain over rising crime rates, public expenditure one the law and order program reflects the special priority, given by the Government to these services.
2. He put off making a decision till he had more information.
3. Who is responsible for making laws in the UK?
4. The Law prohibits men from selling narcotics.
5. He hated reminding people of their duties or being reminded of his.
VI. Переведите предложения, подчеркните конструкции с инфинитивом, укажите вид конструкций.
Пример:
She is said to be a good student.( сложное подлежащее).
Говорят, что она хорошая студентка.
1. I heard the door of the court hall open.
2. I saw the public meet that verdict with satisfaction.
3. A local authority is known to be responsible for making decisions in this district.
4. The data proved to be wrong.
5. The public watched him breathe with difficulty.
6. Three people are reported to have been injured in the accident.
VII. Переведите на русский язык, подчеркните конструкции с причастием.
Пример:
The problem being discussed at the conference must be solved.
Проблема, обсуждаемая (которая обсуждается) на конференции, должна быть решена.
1. Steve felt his hands trembling in court.
2. In addition to there being a judge, each county has a District Judge.
VIII. Переведите предложения на русский язык, подчеркните придаточные предложения, укажите их вид.
Пример:
When I see him tomorrow I will invite him to our party ( придаточное времени)
Когда завтра я увижу его, я приглашу его на нашу вечеринку.
1. Read this article on criminal law while I do the translation.
2. What shall we do if it rains?
3. When I get home in the evening, I’m going to speak to you.
4. Does your friend know, when we shall read this report?
XI. Переведите следующие словосочетания на русский язык, подчеркните причастие, укажите его форму.
Пример:
She had heard very little being absorbed in her own reflections
(Причастие П).
Она услышала очень мало, так как была поглощена своими размышлениями.
1. the problem faced by the investigator is …; 2.the established data are…; 3.the suspect mentioned; 4.a trained officer; 5.the detailed information was…; 6.the question answered by the witness was…; 7.a special squad car called for the police service was…; 8. when required, the results must be… .
XII. Измените данные предложения, употребив пассивный залог, подчеркните сказуемое. Переведите на русский язык.
Пример:
The students saw this English film.
Студенты видели этот фильм.
This English film was seen by the students.
Этот английский фильм был посмотрен студентами.
1. Sport plays an important role in educational process of our future militia officers.
2. He has interviewed the witness.
3. My friend has taken this newspaper.
4. We are interrogating a suspect now.
5. You can find many interesting books in our library.
Краткий грамматический справочник рекомендуемый
для выполнения контрольной работы №2
Страдательный залог
(Passive Voice)
Залог (Voice) — это форма глагола, которая показывает отношение действия, выраженного этим глаголом, к лицу или предмету, выраженному подлежащим предложения. Если подлежащее предложения обозначает лицо или предмет, который сам совершает действие (в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем), то глагол-сказуемое стоит в действительном залоге. Если подлежащее предложения обозначает лицо или предмет, который испытывает действие, совершаемое другим лицом или предметом (в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем), то глагол – сказуемое стоит в страдательном залоге.
Не often invites me to his place.
Он часто приглашает меня к себе. (Действительный залог.)
I am often invited to his place.
Меня часто приглашают к нему. (Страдательный залог.)
Не often invited me to his place.
Он часто приглашал меня к себе. (Действительный залог.)
I was often invited to his place.
Меня часто приглашали к нему. (Страдательный залог.)
Форма страдательного залога образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем времени и третьей основной формы смыслового глагола.
(to) invite — I am invited приглашать — меня приглашают
I was invited меня приглашали ,
I shall be invited меня пригласят
В форме страдательного залога могут быть только переходные глаголы. Переходным в английском языке называется любой глагол, после которого в действительном залоге стоит прямое дополнение, например: believe (верить), build (строить), drink (пить), give (давать), hear (слышать), open (открыть), read (читать), see (видеть), take (брать) и др.
Непереходными глаголами называются такие, которые не требуют после себя дополнения: come (приходить), fly (летать), live (жить), run (бежать), think (думать) и др.
В страдательном залоге в основном употребляются Present Indefinite, Past Indefinite, Future Indefinite. Значительно реже употребляются Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future Perfect, Present Continuous, Past Continuous. Форм Future Continuous, а также всех времен группы Perfect Continuous глагол в страдательном залоге не имеет.
Формы глагола в страдательном залоге
| Число | Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма |
| 1. Present Indefinite Passive | |||
| Ед. | I am asked. You are asked. He (she, it) is asked. | Am I asked? Are you asked? Is he (she, it) asked? | I am not asked. You are not asked. He (she, it) is not asked. |
| Мн. | We (you, they) are asked. | Are we (you, they) asked? | We (you, they) are not asked. |
| 2. Past Indefinite Passive | |||
| Ед. | I (he, she, it) was asked. You were asked. | Was I (he, she, it) asked? Were you asked? | I (he, she, it) was not asked. You were not asked. |
| Мн. | We (you, they) were asked. | Were we (you, they) asked? | We (you, they) were not asked. |
| 3. Future Indefinite Passive | |||||
| Ед. | I shall be asked. You (he, she, it) will be asked. | Shall I be asked? Will you (he, she, it) be asked? | I shall not be asked. You (he, she, it) will not be asked. | ||
| Мн. | We shall be asked. You (they) will be asked. | Shall we be asked? Will you (they) be asked? | We shall not be asked. You (they) will not be asked. | ||
| 4. Present Perfect Passive | |||||
| Ед. | I (you) have been asked. He (she, it) has been asked. | Have I (you) been asked? Has he (she, it) been asked? | I (you) have not been asked. He (she, it) has not been asked. | ||
| Мн. | We (you, they) have been asked. | Have we (you, they) been asked? | We (you, they) have, not been asked. | ||
| 5. Past Perfect Passive | |||||
| Ед. и Мн. | I (you, he, she, it, we, they) had been asked. | Had I (you, he, she, it, we, they) been asked? | I (you, he, she, it, we, they) had not been asked. | ||
| 6. Future Perfect Passive | |||||
| Ед. | I shall have been asked. You (he, she, it) will have been asked. | Shall I have been asked? Will you (he, she, it) have been asked? | I shall not have been asked. You (he, she, it) will not have been asked. | ||
| Мн. | We shall have been asked. You (they) will have been asked. | I shall have been asked? You (he, she, it) will have been? | We shall not have been asked. You (they) will not have been asked. | ||
Неличные формы глагола