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I am married. My wife 's/husband 's name is ...
She/Не is a (an)...
She/Не is ... years old.
Не/She is ... years older/younger than me.
We have a child. His/Her name is ... Не/She is ...
Не/She goes to the kinder-garden/school.
I also have parents and a sister/brother.
They live in...
My family is very ...
TOPICAL VOCABULARY:
1. State Water Transport Academy - Гос. Академия водного транспорта
2. to enter the Academy - поступать в академию
3. to graduate (from) - оканчивать вуз
4. department/faculty - факультет
5. Navigation Department - Судоводительский факультет
6. Hydrotechnical Department - Гидротехнический факультет
7. Ports Operations Management Department - УВТ
8. Shipmechanical Department - Судомеханический ф-т
9. Electromechanical Department - Электромеханический ф-т
10. full-time department - дневное отделение
11. correspondence department - заочное отделение
12. to train specialists - готовить специалистов
13. to be located/situated - быть расположенным
14. to occupy — занимать
15. computer center—компьютерный центр
16. well-equipped laboratories - хорошо оборудованные лаборатории
17. simulator-тренажер
18. library - библиотека
19. to be founded-быть основанным
20. academic year-учебный год
21. term/semester-семестр
22. to take exams — сдавать экзамены
23. to pass exams - сдать экзамены
24. to receive credits — получать зачеты
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25. - subject-предмет
26. exam period - сессия
27. higher mathematics -высшая математика
28. drawing — черчение
29. computer technology - информатика
30. physics - физика
31. chemistry - химия
32. humanities — гуманитарные науки
33. natural subjects - естественные науки
34. technical subjects - технические науки
35. fleet-флот
36. branch - (зд.)филиал
37. hostel - общежитие
38. postgraduate - аспирант
39. graduate - выпускник
40. course of training - курс обучения
THE ACADEMY I STUDY AT
Novosibirsk State Water Transport Academy trains specialists for River and Sea Fleet. The Academy was founded in 1951. More than six thousand students study at its full-time and correspondence departments. The Academy has branches in many towns of Siberia and Far East.
There are five Departments at the Academy: the Navigation Department, the Hydrotechnical Department, the Port Operations Management Department, the Shipmechanical Department, the Electromechanical Department.
The students study many new subjects at the Academy, such as higher mathematics, physics, drawing, computer technology, foreign language, philosophy, history of Russia, etc.
The academic year consists of two terms/semesters. At the end of each term the students take exams and receive credits. At the correspondence department the course of training lasts 6 years.
The Academy is situated in the center of Novosibirsk and occupies three buildings. It has two hostels for students and postgraduates. The Academy has a computer center, well-equipped laboratories, simulators and a good library. The graduates from the Academy get a Diploma of Engineer.
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. What is the name of your Academy?
2. When was it founded?
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3. Where is it situated?
4. How many students study at the Academy?
5. Are you a student of a full-time, evening or correspondence department?
6. How many faculties are there at the Academy? What are they?
7. What subjects do the students study?
8. How many terms does the academic year consist of?
9. What do the students do at the end of each term?
10. How is the Academy equipped?
11. What specialists does the Academy train?
12. Where do the students live?
13. What Department do you study at?
14. What is your favourite subject?
15. How many exams will you have in this semester?
16. What is the most difficult subject for you?
17. Are there any branches at the Academy?
18. How long does the course of training last?
19. What Diploma will you get?
20. Do you like to study at the Academy?
IV. MY NATIVE TOWN (NOVOSIBIRSK)
TOPICAL VOCABULARY:
1. native town (home town) - родной город
2. to be situated — быть расположенным
1. to be founded - быть основанным
2. educational center — центр образования
3. a number of — несколько
4. to be proud of- гордиться
5. church - церковь
6. chapel - часовня
7. plant-завод
8. branch - (зд.) отделение
9. science - наука
10. research institute — научно-исследовательский институт
11. higher school - вуз
I live in Novosibirsk. It is my native town. I was born here and have lived all
my life in it.
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Novosibirsk is a great city, one of the largest in Russia. It is situated on the Siberian river Ob. But it is not old. Novosibirsk was founded in 1893 by N.Garin-Mikhailovsky, a well-known Russian writer and engineer. Now its population is about 1.5 million people.
Novosibirsk is a cultural and educational center. There are some universities and a number of higher schools and colleges. The city is proud of its Opera and Ballet Theatre, which is one of the biggest and most beautiful in the country. There are many monuments, museums, some churches, an Art Gallery and a chapel.
Novosibirsk is an important industrial center too. Its plants and factories produce different machinery and equipment.
Novosibirsk is famous for Academgorodok, the center of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of sciences. There are more than 20 research institutes.
Novosibirsk is a beautiful green city. There is a wonderful park in the center of the town where people like to walk. I like my home town and I'm happy to live in it.
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
What is your native town?
Where is it situated?
What places of interest are there in your town?
When was your town founded?
Are there any higher schools in the town?
What is the town famous for?
What is your favourite place in the town?
What is its population?
Is your native town green and clean?
ГУ. RUSSIA (THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)
TOPICAL VOCABULARY:
1. total area - общая площадь
2. square — квадратный
3. to cover - занимать (площадь)
4. to wash - омывать
5. to border - граничить с
6. river - река
7. lake-озеро .
8. mountain - гора
9. vast plain - обширная равнина
10. mineral resources - полезные ископаемые
11. various - различный
12. temperate climate — умеренный климат
13. legislative powers - законодательные полномочия
14. to exercise - осуществлять, выполнять
The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometers. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. The country is washed by 12 seas of 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. Russia borders on 14 countries.
The population of Russia is about 150 million people. The capital of Russia is Moscow, its political, administrative, cultural and scientific center.
Russia is a land of long rivers and deep lakes. The Europe's biggest river is the Volga. The world's deepest lake is Lake Baikal. There are high mountains (the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai) and vast plains, forests and steppes.
Russia is very rich in mineral resources: oil, coal, natural gas, iron ore and others. On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate. But most part of the country has temperate continental climate.
The Russian Federation is a parliamentary republic. The Head of State is the President. The legislative powers are exercised by the Duma.
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. Where is Russia situated?
2. What is the total area of the country?
3. What is the climate like in Russia?
4. What is the country washed by?
5. What mineral resources is the Russian Federation rich in?
6. What is the longest river in Europe?
7. How many countries does Russia border on?
8. Who is the head of the country?
9. Who is the President of Russia today?
10. What do you know about Lake Baikal?
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Часть 4. ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ И ПЕРЕВОДА
Text I: «THE UNITED KINGDOM»
The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is an island nation and constitutional monarchy in north-western Europe, member of the European Union (EU).
Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles. It comprises, together with numerous smaller islands, England and Scotland, and the principality of Wales. Northern Ireland, also known as Ulster, occupies the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland.
The United Kingdom is bordered to the south by the English Channel, which separates it from continental Europe, to the east by the North Sea, and to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The only land border is between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The total area of the United Kingdom is 242 sq km. The capital and largest city is London.
The names «United Kingdom», «Great Britain», and «England» are often used interchangeably. The use of «Great Britain», often shortened to «Britain», to describe the whole kingdom is common and widely accepted, although strictly it does not include Northern Ireland.
However, the use of «England» to mean the «United Kingdom» is not acceptable to members of the other constituent countries, especially the Scots and the Welsh.
England and Wales were united administratively, politically, and legally by 1543. The crowns of England and Scotland were united in 1603, but the two countries remained separate political entities until the 1707 Act of Union, which formed the Kingdom of Great Britain with a single legislature. From 1801, when Great Britain and Ireland were united, until the formal establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, the kingdom was officially named the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Hong Kong, which has 200,000 population, was returned to China in 1997.
The mainland of the island of Great Britain is 974 km at its longest and 531 km at its widest; however, the highly indented nature of the island's coastline means that nowhere is more than about 120 km from the sea.
The climate of the United Kingdom is mild relative to its latitude, which is the same as that of Labrador in Canada. The mildness is an effect of the warm Gulf Stream. This current brings the prevailing south-west winds that moderate winter temperatures and bring the depressions which have the main day-to-day influence on the weather. The western side of the United Kingdom tends to be warmer than
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the eastern; the south is warmer than the north. The mean annual temperature is 6 °C in the far north of Scotland; 11 °C in the south-west of England. Winter temperatures seldom are below -10 С and summer temperatures rarely higher than 32 °C. The sea winds also bring plenty of moisture; average annual precipitation is more than 1,000 mm.
Rain tends to fall throughout the year, frequently turning to snow in the winter, especially in Scotland, the mountains of Wales, and northern England. The western side of Britain is much wetter than the eastern: average rainfall varies is from 5,000 mm in the western Highlands of Scotland, to less than 500 mm in parts of East Anglia in England.
The population of United Kingdom is more than 56 mln people, but it is one of the world's leading commercial and industrialized nations. In terms of gross national product (GNP) it ranks fifth in the world, with Italy, after the United Japan, Germany, and France.
Text 2: «HISTORY OF LONDON»
The Romans were the first to settle and occupy the Celtic fortress of Londinium. Construction of a bridge in 100 A.D. made London an important junction: it soon became a busy commercial and administrative settlement, and in the 2nd century A.D. a wall was built round the city.
The Roman Empire fell in the 5th century. London have maintained its trading activity. In the 9th century Danish invaders destroyed much of the city. They were followed by the Saxons led by King Alfred the Great, who entered the city in 8 86. The Danes remained a powerful force in England, however, and it was not until the reign of Edward the Confessor, which began in 1042, that civic stability was re-established, to be cemented by the Norman Conquest in 1066.
William the Conqueror centred his power at the Tower of London, and his White Tower is still the heart of this impressive monument.
The City soon united its economic power with political independence. Late in the 12th century it elected its own Lord Mayor. From 1351 it elected its own council, and by the end of the 14th century the reigning sovereign could not enter the City without permission.
In the reign of Elizabeth I had the arts a renaissance with such great dramatists as Shakespeare, Marlowe, and Ben Jonson.
In 1665, London had been devastated first by the Great Plague, and then by the Fire of London, which destroyed most of the city the following year. During the reconstruction of the city, following the original street pattern, the architect Sir
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Christopher Wren was given responsibility for the design of a number of State-funded buildings, including St. Paul's Cathedral.
The western part of London was developed under the Hanoverian Kings: great squares were laid out such as those of Grosvenor, Cavendish, Berkeley, and Hanover, and more bridges were built across the river. Public services were improved, such as the water supply and sewerage systems, and the streets were paved.
In the 19th century London's population began to rise still more rapidly: it increased sixfold over the century as a whole, thanks to influx from all over the British Isles, from Britain's colonies, and from continental Europe. The Industrial Revolution was creating huge numbers of jobs, but never enough to satisfy the hopes of all the poor people who came to the capital. The novels of Charles Dickens tell us about the social problems of that period.
The First World War had little effect on London, but the Depression that followed in the late 1920s and early 1930s hit the whole country, including the capital. There were hunger marches and riots. London was to pay far more dearly during World War II. The intensive bombing of London (The Blitz) in 1940-1941 took the lives of 10,000 people and left 17,000 injured. Countless historic buildings were damaged, including the Houses of Parliament.
After the war London was to re-emerge as a radically different city. The docks had been so severely damaged that reconstruction, a very expensive process, was not reasonable. By the end of the 1950s most of the war damage had been repaired. New skyscrapers were built, outdoing each other in height and spectacular design. The 30-storey Post Office Tower was built in 1965. It is 189 m high. Other significant post-war developments include the 183 m National Westminster Bank Building (1979); and Britain's highest building, the 244 m Canary Wharf Tower on the Docklands site, near to a new City airport.
Text 3: «HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UK»
Education after 16 is voluntary in United Kingdom. Students, who live in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland must take at the age of 16 the examinations for the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). In Scotland students receive the Scottish Certificate of Education. After this exam students can choose to stay on in school or attend colleges of further education.
British universities are self-governing and are guaranteed academic independence. Funding for education and research is provided by funding councils set up by Parliament. The number of universities jumped in 1992 when polytechnics and some other higher education establishments were given the right to become