It is useful to visit job fairs and career days, ask your family, relatives, friends, neighbours and acquaintances to help you in job search.
You can use web pages on Internet, such as www. jobs, ru or www. hro.ru and other special web sites.
Interview is an important part in your job search. It is important to make a good impression and to wear proper clothes. Make sure your shoes are clean, well polished and in good condition. Don't fiddle with your hair, your hands or your clothes, don't cross the arms. Sit up straight. Keep long hair under control, don't wear too much jewelry. Try to keep eye contact with the key person in the meeting. It is not proper to ask about the salary at the first interview or criticize your former boss or company. It is not recommended to discuss personal or financial problems with the representative of the company. It is important assure the company representatives that you are the right person for the position.
If you are offered a position, you can negotiate the offer and ask about your salary. As you can see, the process of job search is rather difficult, but it can be a rewarding too if you get the position which you have been dreaming about.
VOCABULARY
to present - представлять
work experience — опыт работы
objective - цель
to draw - составлять
to hire - нанимать на работу
employment agency - агентство по трудоустройству
recruitment agency - агентство по набору персонала
credentials - документы
proper - соответствующий
jewelry - драгоценности
to fiddle - вертеть в руках, играть
salary - заработная плата (служащих)
former - бывший
representative - представитель
to assure - заверить
negotiate - вести переговоры
rewarding - стоящий, полезный
TASKS
1.Complete the questions
1) ___________ job search a long process?
2) ___________ it need lots of time and effort?
3) ___________ you start it without a resume?
4) ___________ you present in it?
5) ___________ you write your objective?
6) ___________ magazines and newspapers do you study?
7) ___________ employment and recruitment agencies aimed at?
8) ___________ the most effective way to use their services?
9)____________ agencies_________ you to large number of companies?
10) __________ useful to visit job fairs and career days?
11) ___________ use web pages on Internet?
12) ___________ interview is an important part in your job search?
13) ___________ you look at the interview?
14) ___________ proper to ask about the salary of the first interview or criticise your former boss or company?
15) ___________ recommended to discuss personal or financial problems with the representative of the company?
16) __________ you negotiate the offer and ask about your salary?
17) __________ the process of job search be rewarding?
2.Match these terms with their definitions
1. recruit A. right, correct
2. draw B. conduct talks
3. proper C. write, make ready
4. assure D. monthly payment for regular employment
5. salary E. chose people for vacant positions
6. negotiate F. say positively, with confidence
3. Word families. Fill in the missing words
Таблица 18
| verb | person | thing |
| present | presenter | (1) ______ |
| (2)________ | employer / employee | (3)______ |
| (4)________ | negotiator | (5)_______ |
| recruit | (6)_______ | (7)_______ |
4. Translate into English
1) Когда предприятие хочет нанять новых работников, оно обращается в агентство по трудоустройству.
2) Во время интервью не принято спрашивать о заработной плате или критиковать своего бывшего начальника.
3) В резюме вы предоставляете сведения о своем образовании, об опытах работы, умении и специальных занятиях. Важно заверить представителя компании, что вы подходящий человек на эту должность.
The company. Companies and products.
Describing companies
1. Describe a company using the following plan:
o When it was started or founded and who its founder was;
o Who runs the company: who its chief executive is;
o What products it makes or what services it provides;
o Its sales figures;
o How many people work for it: how many employees it has;
o Where its headquarters are: where it is based;
o Where its factories or plants are located (if it's a manufacturing company);
o How many branches or retail outlets (shops) it has (if it's retail organization);
o Whether it sells business-to-business, or whether it's a retail organization selling to consumers;
o Whether it uses a franchising system, where retail outlets are managed by individual owners called franchisees who have a share in the profits made by their franchise.
VOCABULARY
To found - основывать
Founder - основатель
Chief executive - руководитель
Sales figures - показатели продаж
Branch - отделение
To sell business - to business - продавать предприятиям
2. To which industry does each of these companies belong?
Match the descriptions with the industries
1) This company operates a chain of supermarkets.
2) This company provides power from nuclear power plants to other industries.
3) This company develops and sells drugs for a range of medical applications.
4) This company supplies cloth to clothing manufacturers.
5) This company manufactures such items as TVs, video recorders and CD players.
6) This company audits the finances of other companies and prepares their annual financial statements for them.
o accountancy
o consumer electronics
o electricity generation
o food retailing
o pharmaceutical
o textiles
3. Describing products. Among the words in
the box describing products, find:
1) two words relating to appearance;
2) two words meaning that something is new and unlike existing products;
3) two words meaning that a product does something without wasting time and energy;
4) one word meaning that something does not break easily;
5) one word meaning that something does not break out easy;
6) one word meaning that something is small and easy to carry;
7) one word meaning that something is strong and works with a lot of force.
Таблица19
| beautiful compact economical reliable efficient good-looking innovative powerful revolutionary robust |
Текст №11
Economics as a science
Although the content and character of economics cannot be described briefly, numerous writers have attempted that. An especially useless, though once popular, example is: «Economics is what economists do.»
Similarly, a notable economist of the last century Alfred Marshall called economics «a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life.» Lionel Robbins in the 1930s described economics as «the science of choice among scarce means to accomplish unlimited ends.»
During much of modern history, especially in the nineteenth century, economics was called simply «the science of wealth.» Less seriously, George Bernard Shaw was credited in the early 1900s with the witticism that «economics is the science whose practitioners, even if all were laid end to end, would not reach agreement,»
We may make better progress by comparing economies with other subjects. Like every other discipline that attempts to explain observed facts (e.g., physics, astronomy, meteorology), economics comprises a vast collection of descriptive material organized around a central core of theoretical principles. The manner in which theoretical principles are formulated and used in applications varies greatly from one science to another. Like psychology, economics draws much of its theoretical core from intuition, casual observation, and «common knowledge about human nature.» Like astronomy, economics is largely nonexperimental. Like meteorology, economics is relatively inexact, as is weather forecasting. Like particle physics and molecular biology, economics deals with an array of closely interrelated phenomena (as do sociology and social psychology). Like such disciplines as art, fantasy writing, mathematics, metaphysics, cosmology, and the like, economics attracts different people for different reasons: «One person's meat is another person's poison.» Though all disciplines differ, all are remarkably similar in one respect: all are meant to convey an interesting, persuasive, and intellectually satisfying story about selected aspects of experience. As Einstein once put it: «Science is the attempt to make the chaotic diversity of our sense-experience correspond to a logically uniform system of thought.»
Economics deals with data on income, employment, expenditure, interest rates, prices and individual activities of production, consumption, transportation, and trade. Economics deals directly with only a tiny fraction of the whole spectrum of human behavior, and so the range of problems considered by economists is relatively narrow. Contrary to popular opinion, economics does not normally include such things as personal finance, ways to start a small business, etc.; in relation to everyday life, the economist is more like an astronomer than a weatherforecaster, more like a physical chemist than a pharmacist, more like a professor of hydrodynamics than a plumber.
In principle almost any conceivable problem, from marriage, suicide, capital punishment, and religious observance to tooth brushing, drug abuse, extramarital affairs, and mall shopping, might serve (and, in the case of each of these examples has served) as an object for some economist's attention. There is, after all, no clear division between «economic» and «noneconomic» phenomena. In practice, however, economists have generally found it expedient to leave the physical and life sciences to those groups that first claimed them, though not always. In recent years economists have invaded territory once claimed exclusively by political scientists and sociologists, not to mention territories claimed by physical anthropologists, experimental psychologists, and paleontologists.
VOCABULARY
numerous - многочисленный
to attempt - попытаться
notable - примечательный
scarce - скудный, ограниченный
witticism [witisizm] - острота, шутка
practitioner [prask'tijns] - терапевт
to comprise - включать в себя
vast - обширный, громадный
core - ядро
casual observations - зд. повседневные наблюдения
weather forecasting - прогноз погоды
array - массив, масса, множество
closely interrelated - тесно взаимосвязанные
phenomena - явления
to convey - передавать
income - доход
employment - занятость
expenditure - затраты, издержки, расход(ы)
interest rate - процентная ставка
range - ряд
pharmacist - фармацевт
plumber - водопроводчик
conceivable - мыслимый, вероятный, возможный
expedient - целесообразный (-о), соответствующий, подходящий, надлежащий
to claim - приписывать себе, претендовать
to invade – вторгаться
1. General understanding
1. Is there a common opinion on the content and character of economics?
2. What definition of economics is referred to as «especially useless»?
3. With what sciences does the author compare economics? Why?
4. What similarities with economics have the following sciences: a) psychology b) astronomy c) meteorology particle physics and molecular biology 5) art, fantasy writing, mathematics, metaphysics, cosmology, and the like
5. What is the scope of economics? What does economics deal with?
6. What does the author refer to as «popular opinion»?
7. According to the text, can such problems as marriage and extramarital affairs be the subject of economists attention? Is there a division between «economic» and «noneconomic» problems?
8. What fields have economists «invaded» in recent years?
2. Defining economics.
A. Use the text to fill in the spaces:
Таблица 20
| Period of time | Person | Definition |
| 19" century | «a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life.» | |
| George Bernard Shaw | ||
| 1930s | «the science of choice among scarce means to accomplish unlimited ends.» |
B. What other two definitions could be found in the text? How does the author refer to each of them?
Таблица 21
| Science (es) | Similarity | Difference |
| psychology | ||
| astronomy | ||
| meteorology | ||
| particle physics and molecular biology | ||
| art, fantasy writing, mathematics, metaphysics, cosmology, «and the like» |
A. There is no brief description of the content and character of economics.
B. Alfred Marshall and Lionel Robbins agreed that: «Economics is what economists do.»
C. In the 19th century economics was called «the science of wealth».
D. Economics is only a theoretical science.
E. Einstein once said, «One person's meat is another person's poison».