n
, . . . ,x(n+1)
,i
0 < ω < 1 1 < ω < 2
ω = 1
x(n) = Sx(n−1) + c,
c
ε | kr(n)k = kx(n) − x∗k 6 ε kr(n)k = kx(n) −x∗k | x(n) x∗ |
v(n)
.Rm
µi S
1 > |µ1| > |µ2| > |µ3| > ... > |µm|,
µi
, . kw(n)k = O(|µ1|n) , . , . ,n
.kx(n) − x(n−1)k µ1
,kv(n)k 6 ε1,
α β x(k+1) = S x(k) + c
? ,S = E − τA
0 < τ < 0.4
α β
α β
α β
n = 2
A∗ A
A
A∗aji
AA A−1
b =6 0
A m
λ ϕ 6= 0
A
m det(A − λE) = 0.
A
ρ(A) = max|λi|
i
A
trAA
A
A
A
ajj ej = (0,...,0, 1 ,0,...,0) j|{z}
λk λj A λk =6 λj
λk ϕk k = 1,...,m
Rm
Rm
Rm
A∗ ψk k = 1,...,m(ϕk,ψj) = 0, k =6 j.
A
A B
P B =
P−1AP
P B = P∗AP A B
, .
grad
α gradF y
F(x)
x
F(x) = c
F(x) = c x0 =
.max |aij|
16i,j6m
E
S(A) = √trAA∗ .|β/α| <