Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- нормальная подгруппа в
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Согласно лемме ,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
-нильпотентная группа и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Ввиду произвольного выбора
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADySURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQXSMQMEEx4yooTVBjeXmotDEDwx2g4j+ybjnFEUYMi4xjG7zxaqzOcjGSZWB8LeuRVQTi57jJFjMwGN+Jra+XxKmxvDyN112GYQ+DcfQCmFh9pLEvMh+rRrAiJNNhBhlHN/jg1RhlzLCQwThqITRwGIHOLGFgkH3tkVdviFdjtDHDAgajiEVATcwg22VNTJbLynquSOvo4MHv1DwPQ1kGhleg0GQwjlwAslHWI6+IpHjs6Ejj8ZCVXYnNmTg1giIeFJdGDEZ7YsvLpYjSWF8fKwmM/NtAzX8hTo6aT5+0Ovg0AgDmzU446eCPxgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
, получаем, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
для любого
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAEIAAAAUCAYAAAA5g+sCAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAMdSURBVFjD7Zi/ThtBEMbHroE6gNdVXoAbUiaVZa8FpLPAd3JFcoWFrgCkKyA6u3NBHiBJwZ8K+QFSGFKmgFcIvADwCqDs7Hnx3nn3sCUrxJKRVrLOu3Ozv/m+2TXQbrdhNtowgzANIMRfDqCbn1SsqQRBiUd13AD0TvTnXYA89Ec2wOd5EoCH7KjUPHBsQP5bEBICq/b8TmdOf+4iHIvNPALgbSOKFk1rd8psX+z3ieZho7VGzzodf67KoIf1aGNqQBw0Sw5j1fM0hAQkYA88iFaMawEegPGL9PooaiwisCtSxkggNPnlupq8RpBhf3Tz481PylhU/RS91rppPVWWM7gwgQjDxtIqYz8JhG19y8N1QPf0RRC+X1uIXwSPrLyzt+XAGePBrm1TQoZ7sVS1wSo9UzUt85/UZ5IxVc0B58Im+yjgK8j5IQLc6pul2B5i5Hn4WdjmJms9A+c6/T0kidaWEXI3auNx0mYJqu9tkEwj4GyX5lNVlHddZF/1+LJiBX5ps0VQxk+lIHjPC3BJhdLtQmBcUbh0gx1SlFibVowGwZ+viAl6kLhhDXtN+c1x3JZZ4mZrNJvNt7KDc75NMU29QMK3gJCbQH4YtII3OggZB72juAcklWIDoUNMgJCV0CSlwNgqHksM7odskWENlfQ7HmyrTaeTzgJB7+T16IPqI+R1ypPg0Py4idptMRIImUC/ifS9LI4gdm+zhaSPXvTSRSVpPQG3iN8pUUpIfdZjZFljp1zeVJuMgZV/8dXiN5VjbIvhRjiWNTyEE3C2zkja9JJCofA7y2vPnhdkR7GGgqsUJhXFeNcP/SXOve2E5YBd6wWgtbJ/FSs/ar6/MFBw3GDpZBNKQzotRD77WaeWrRmnpX4nTwuRbNYRloYxijVaDVzTnw/ex+7SqqOi6BcfufY5Pv6hTdB6ZbHBJas/0D3OvKgZCjwWtX92q5SQ8KoWhsuTjEtXgypj5ya7m+4G+S/1lY99m+ReA8RAQeLECsP5ScSTTVXcj9SxnQlCt4d+T3+13xuUjzgWJxGL7JO1n9n/ImYgZiCM4y/k3jQ05MpnBwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Ясно, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAIcAAAAlCAYAAABoM/rvAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAQoSURBVHja7Vm9TttQFL5hBubyc9n6APi4I1WHyL0VMNIqiawORR4QciVA8gDIYcvQqjPqQjvRF+hQ0q1DyxtUwAukvEKi+l7HieP4F//EIWc4ShA39nfO/c4/OTs7IygofoJGQEFyRBqCkIolc15BciAx5swabFuf3VGh/6p7x9KskmTmiWEYOytAyJ1FhA7TzXX3/0ydrVNCOoTAnWoYy0iOmSKGuiyIAY2LsHMNIBdklbU1w1iYaXLkFULdOT1m3q/krXwdyBdC2ZXWas2HnWu1tHlGyRVV9o/KrlOW+EYOHe9VgRL61xtesxDhfYT0RIg2zSW/M/sKPbLPkC6ozc08DWea6hKPGtBobsU5rzN64MVeNp2ytvngS1OFzX4Rdp8HOcSFiKLP//kWMSUrv9/H8eRMsIh6Ir4jBJ2fpE5xIlEafGPeJBF6nZQccUCK0LxK2n5Aee6XKf3Ogcb15LitaFA4bzZgK8yj/Mkxii9vncJ05YW0RKSrMPxOOnwovtTksIs6+BFlZG5cUJRTbyjnijYATFWF3SSXFRBCu77iU3BmQY68dfIjhabtLNoXDjeyLJ+HPVvgY+wkAt9t0DMSkcPPO+sS+Qo1czuq4NIV2K3q+gb3NKuwO3SHPQ5cFIcRXUOWkgU5itJplBTDlltccAj+IHxc9zj4EpFjWJcMpOf+O6jg4uFNAeVUb+pP3EBFzoPGh6TFYRnSShE62ZFZWwhKXWHkECkF2EkafA+OHP2c194xjJWoVo0bltXM54P2EepfhNIWeF4I2UVTuvBbdFrJUqe+XSuhellF446mLbrPhZEjJr7bMHxpIkfPewlBkWNfUd44IKzW6ZCssp9MXjt33sNTEwcfYrw5FzErZUgrGepUEVgi0s9gWmudc34bRg5dUV578LWT4Bsjhx0N6HV17xjCLkGEJvrqMqo9c6pqWHv5mbN+eCmkx4k0nK2Qez5g8nvnIPxZhR83jjt3ToQcVn2VVqd+C9mhsnxJKfv2VoH3cZsAx0E5jrokNb34s7D5GDmGe4TwKGBfFv0dR5nRSAM3XBH+nmdMf+ebCgK8x5lk6mbtKUDDnCQ55BfypzQ62c+BP/x33KMp0w90Vd1IOgex32O/Pw+b+47PyyacjPIaO3fyJDdmWbqVhwjvILhjcY+tA/2Y18Axk9a59OTgbaETymPMU8pODl4n8CJejK0LmgY/WnKIlGKP9TtZetnEIofY0ZAupfRX1pPTmSKHKJClerOsQ7A0Mxm/YhLJkaDWsLqUm6wjxmjhNl7QRbWSaTerw31H8VvaR5dWUJAcKEgOFCQHCpLj0RrFtfdAcqAMxLv3KPOQCslRZPvss/fAyIEiZJr2HkiOgmWa9h5IjqIjxxTtPZAck+lUpmLvgeQoWKZp74HkQEFyoCA5UKZM/gOpRVEuYIWWyAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
, что противоречит
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Теорема доказана.
Целью данного раздела является описание ненильпотентных групп, у которых каждая
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC6SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVSMQMMIw0RrLy2OljBkY7gA1/QNh48h6X4IaOzrSeDzkTGbG1tdLgvh5HrJFQM3/jaMbfPBqrI/0sPPIqzdEMUiGYQ+DcdRCkgMnyphhIckaYTYSdCo6rs5yMZKV9VyR1tHBQ7RGUFREGcv2IvuZKI05brLF2JyIV2N9pLGvrFtOCSwRgJzsEVlvh1MjSBFIEyjuULHxXVjcYtUIjfB/GNg4egFtEzlNNQIAsrVQE1QbF+EAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-максимальная подгруппа перестановочна со всеми
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACxSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImKCYkaCG6iwXI1kGhldAxX8ZjKMWYtMEZ9TXx0qayHnMTOvo4AGxjRkY7hpHN/jg1NCQlycBUgx1FmOUMcNC49gGb2L8wFgfaewLchJRno42ZlgA9oNR1CK8fkDG9XkehkDPv5Z1yykhOh5y3GSLGWQ89sD8RVADxB/RC3DaAHIvLNLS0kL5PGQZduMNpYZYY2+wZ6EYm2LqpKWB1wAAkdIb3w/rmIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-максимальными подгруппами.
Для доказательства основного результата данного раздела нам понадобится следующая лемма.
[3.1]. Пусть
- группа Шмидта. Тогда в том и только том случае каждая 2-максимальная подгруппа группы
перестановочна со всеми 3-максимальными подгруппами группы
, когда группа
имеет вид: (1)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа Миллера-Морено;
(2)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа кватернионов порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImGCYoIbqLBcjWQaG10DFfxkYZF+7ZFUb4dTQ0ZHG4yHDsEfWI68IxM9xky1mkPHYk9bRwYNVQ319rKQRg+wpmKn1kca+DAzGd2Lr6yVxOinamGEByNTQtDQ+ENs4tsEbrx9gzgL64b9xZL0vQU+Xl6fxepiYdBnLMpwgztOysis98uoN4c5jML6L0w/1eR6GsgyyN+GehgYCzACsoWTMwHBH1i2nBBRpRIUSxBaGV9CIe4VuOnXS0sBrAAB4OyA43bSU2QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACxSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImKCYkaCG6iwXI1kGhldAxX8ZjKMWYtMEZ9TXx0qayHnMTOvo4AGxjRkY7hhHN/jg1NCQlycBUgx1FmOUMcNC49gGb2L8wFgfaewLchJRno42ZlgA9oNR1CK8fkDG9XkehkDPv5Z1yykhOh5y3GSLGWQ89sD8RVADxB/RC3DaAHIvLNLS0kL5PGQZduMNpYZYY2+wZ6EYm2LqpKWB1wAAj3Eb3up4sEoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
.
Доказательство. Необходимость. Предположим, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа Шмидта, у которой каждая 2-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
перестановочна со всеми 3-максимальными подгруппами группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Докажем, что в этом случае, либо
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAEQSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDPQ3BAgYELgVUxQMUaiDFkF1FSd5WIsy8DwCqjpLxD/YZD12J1WniblZuxWm9bRwYPXkLS0UD53GcY9DAyyrzyKGwxg4vV5HoZAQ18zGEcvwOuS8vI0XncZhj1gW9FsA+E8D9ki4+gGH7yG5LjJlgBd8BrZBci4IdbDFpscnNHRkcbjAXIFmnNBAYkawAxMOA2pr4+VNGZguCvrllOMaruxNzRw/wPN+8fAYHw7tr5ekpAhJeg2lZfHSoHksAUqpndkGXYzyLjvSSsv50VWVB9p7AsOq7x6Q4KJDRqNrxiMIhYhhQFzhBHDIlwxhjWdQL11GxoOMPzHOLbBe+DyztAzBABuy46neT8wNQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
- группа Миллера-Морено, либо
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADZSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVSMQMAIxEzaMV2NDrLE3UNFfIP4PxP+gbCA2vhtbXi6F16n1eR6GsgwMb4yjG3xA/I6ONB4PWYbdDDIee9I6Onhwa4w09gXbUF8vCRPLcZMthonh1BhlzLCQwTh6AbK/o4wYFjHIeuzGaWN9faykMQPDXePIel9YoABtKwH50zi2wRunHyHORA4UcMDcRnY2bmdCnUR0PMKcKeuRV0RSAqjOcjGSZZC96ZFXb0i0RlAggEPOKGoRKBSJ0giN8FfwwCDVjwOTO4jBAOuBRNo0NblUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- группа кватернионов порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADNSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImGCYoIbqLBcjWQaG10DFfxkYZF+7ZFUb4dTQ0ZHG4yHDsEfWI68IxM9xky1mkPHYk9bRwYNVQ319rKQRg+wpmKn1kca+DAzGd2Lr6yVxOinamGEByNTQtDQ+ENs4tsEbrx9gzgL64Z9xZL0vQU+Xl6fxepiYdBnLMpwgztOysis98uoN4c5jML6L0w/1eR6GsgyyN2EaYIEA42MNJWMGhjuybjkloEgjKpQgtjC8gkbcK3TTqZOWBl4DAIRiIEITuGTQAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACxSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImKCYkaCG6iwXI1kGhldAxX8ZjKMWYtMEZ9TXx0qayHnMTOvo4AGxjRkY7hpHN/jg1NCQlycBUgx1FmOUMcNC49gGb2L8wFgfaewLchJRno42ZlgA9oNR1CK8fkDG9XkehkDPv5Z1yykhOh5y3GSLGWQ89sD8RVADxB/RC3DaAHIvLNLS0kL5PGQZduMNpYZYY2+wZ6EYm2LqpKWB1wAAkdIb3w/rmIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
. Предположим, что это не так и пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- контрпример минимального порядка.
Так как
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа Шмидта, то ввиду леммы (I),
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADtSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVSMQMAIxMyYOZcarsSHW2Buo8C8Q/4fSf0CYkcHobmh5uTRep9bneRjKMjC+MY5t8AbxOzrSeDxkGXYzyHjsSevo4MGtMdLYl4HB+E5sfb0kTCzHTbYEKHYXJIZTY5QRwyIG4+gFMD7QzYwRIDFZj904bSwvj5UyYmC4axhZ6wcLmCywbQx/YE7H40zGf7BAgWCjW8jOxu1MqJOIjsf6+lhJY6AzZT3yikhKANVZLkZyDHI3PIobDIjSCEst4JAziljEwLCKiSiNoAiXY2B4CQ8MWfddJPlxYHIHMRgAEz1FOtbS5uYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- силовская
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADoSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVSMQMEExIxSD+Xg11ud5GMoyMLwCKvxvHFnvG23MsADI/svAYHw3trxcCq+N9fWxkkYMsqfk5BhuGMc2eHd0pPF4yDDskXXLKcavMdLYl0HW+GRkXr0qiA/X6JFXhFdjlDHDQuPoBh8YvzrLxUiWQfamR169IW4/gp1ptDu2vl4SGlCMIIMYjKMX4A0csOmyHqtC09L4QCEJ1sRgfBtmEE6NOW6yxZBQhGI0m7BqBAeCrOxKZL8QTAAgvwCdaQxyZlp5OS/RGhERDcSyHrvTOjp46JdWB6dGACARS4cPViE7AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
-подгруппа в
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAD5SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDPQ3BAgYELCjFAxRqIMASmsznIxkmVgeA1k/wVjWY/daeVpUm7GbrVpHR08eA0pL0/j9ZBh2MPAIPvKI6/eECZen+dhCDbUOHoBXpfADQDZimYbCOe4yRYbRzf44DUEqKgE6ILXyC5AxvWRHnbY5OCMjo40HrArjKMWoocPWgAz4TSkvj5W0piB4a6sW04xsoKGWGNvaOD+B+J/DAzGt2Pr6yUJGVKC4Q2oHLZAxfSOLMNuBhmPPWnl5byoYWHsCwyrN7jCCtVGSDS+AoULchhEGTEswhVjWNMJ1Om34YkMio1jG7wHLu8MPUMA9sSNgymq2SEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- циклическая
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADiSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQXSMQMEExIwwT1FheHiptzMBwB6j4r6xbTnGUMcNC4+gGH7waq7NcjGQZGF7LeuQVgfg5brLFDAzGd2Pr6yVxaiwvT+P1kGHYw2AcvQAmVh9p7IvMx6oRrAjJdJhB6M7E0AjyC4Nx1EJo4DBCnCn72iOv3hCvxmhjhgUMRlGLQKEJsl3WxGSFrKzHyrSODh78Ts3zMAQGzCtQaIL8BbIRFkhEx2NHRxqPh6zsSmzOxKkR5FRQXBoxGO2JLS+XIkpjfX2sJDDyb4OdC3UyfdLq4NMIAOS2TZxgJkH1AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
-подгруппа.
Покажем, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа простого порядка. Предположим, что это не так. Тогда в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAFFSURBVDjLzZNNTsJQFIXPq1OiYyLXNSB3AU5IfQlxSGJrOm1IQxjwEwYM2s6auAjEIUsQ3YjgAowsAcH3hEr/JMYRg5smff3uPe+cW4RhiP8UjgucAgaAk31txEFwAwjXbZ5JwkwBq119ktkaqKcoBDXkmdTXH7ITNOL3gcMNAazZ8m9yoO7W/oboQ/aCarapzZigIp/dKCqlDkZevUYQS5KdbtEVfgXtGh4BXji+X85CUeSWZAUvIDlLgb7vlBl4A989FE3LqtmDHXlJwJLMdq/IsNutmnmsJjtxocB+bHmcZcukQdblVGdPUlcoR+veiOPQLTYmOsckVJijcm6su/8Ez/b4TyunNubUsryr3USRzBiYGjlQHwyHzXOlcb6dSMukZOUqE9v3OVCvFFB71a4FPVm9AN4Te7oCXT/p/I70fzxUXwicdXCtwx7SAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
имеется собственная подгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
простого порядка. Ввиду леммы (IV),
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и, следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- нормальная подгруппа в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа Шмидта.
Понятно, что в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
каждая 2-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
перестановочна со всеми 3-максимальными подгруппами группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
Поскольку
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и поэтому по выбору группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
мы заключаем, что либо
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа Миллера-Морено, либо
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа кватернионов порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImGCYoIbqLBcjWQaG10DFfxkYZF+7ZFUb4dTQ0ZHG4yHDsEfWI68IxM9xky1mkPHYk9bRwYNVQ319rKQRg+wpmKn1kca+DAzGd2Lr6yVxOinamGEByNTQtDQ+ENs4tsEbrx9gzgL64b9xZL0vQU+Xl6fxepiYdBnLMpwgztOysis98uoN4c5jML6L0w/1eR6GsgyyN+GehgYCzACsoWTMwHBH1i2nBBRpRIUSxBaGV9CIe4VuOnXS0sBrAAB4OyA43bSU2QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACxSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImKCYkaCG6iwXI1kGhldAxX8ZjKMWYtMEZ9TXx0qayHnMTOvo4AGxjRkY7hpHN/jg1NCQlycBUgx1FmOUMcNC49gGb2L8wFgfaewLchJRno42ZlgA9oNR1CK8fkDG9XkehkDPv5Z1yykhOh5y3GSLGWQ89sD8RVADxB/RC3DaAHIvLNLS0kL5PGQZduMNpYZYY2+wZ6EYm2LqpKWB1wAAkdIb3w/rmIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
.
В первом случае
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- абелева подгруппа и, следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа Миллера-Морено. Полученное противоречие с выбором группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
показывает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа кватернионов порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImGCYoIbqLBcjWQaG10DFfxkYZF+7ZFUb4dTQ0ZHG4yHDsEfWI68IxM9xky1mkPHYk9bRwYNVQ319rKQRg+wpmKn1kca+DAzGd2Lr6yVxOinamGEByNTQtDQ+ENs4tsEbrx9gzgL64b9xZL0vQU+Xl6fxepiYdBnLMpwgztOysis98uoN4c5jML6L0w/1eR6GsgyyN+GehgYCzACsoWTMwHBH1i2nBBRpRIUSxBaGV9CIe4VuOnXS0sBrAAB4OyA43bSU2QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACMAAAAXCAYAAACBMvbiAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAILSURBVEjH7Va9TsMwEDbMwF7AvAO9zJ2QZQQdi5RaWWjJUEUZClIGBrdbBl6gW8tjAA/AO1BeAHgFfnKOE5y/ikaoAkSkkyzLvvvuu+8uJuPxmPwU+zFA/h6Y6FtbCRgMFNm6YYXAgvOeG4YbFecr730ZDF523c4Wp+Q2Wr9qe6PMuzAdS+k0GPNPcB2G7gbfJXfGeXUnsndC+W0CeCkwGMxjFIO+gjM6SvZHDhyhc7BlO90TcAxidKyA+Xyfgrgq+qHP3Jf7tZhZ5KALZEZ2+V2SpQCQjpQNXPucd5K1AmdDW4E3EloKzOXgoEkJeaHcH5YdNsFgiQCELDun/TxX+fkSGBWMwNzMMLFUE7r+ZolMCwJnGwh5JCCmtbtJZaqcdGcLsk1ZM0v0CcTdNAHXB4MCxGDMOy8TdbdJrhPWFEtc9MqFn2V2mTmUZ2aO7VvRXakYETi3Zcs8VyZYZBOY36+lGZ/TIXbSweASkoEV6yjb5j5jJ2b2aQnjOaTuBUFnB8tepqsqtgobAsg0M7hyQtQlOs0x+pAbdtrgoairSOBRF0rXbeR1VQCDk9e2By3M7rv/Q7Eu4d5xoF/WbZlAmlqdJX0xy6VKYUzYOqb+Y0Gw6TE4KxuqJDvuY1p1Zz1lKKeHN3XaNVPePWuiWKlo/ZW+V1BflmVNqib3SsEodvAlUMHy/7PzV4D5AI0aYwTnkwrRAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACxSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImKCYkaCG6iwXI1kGhldAxX8ZjKMWYtMEZ9TXx0qayHnMTOvo4AGxjRkY7hpHN/jg1NCQlycBUgx1FmOUMcNC49gGb2L8wFgfaewLchJRno42ZlgA9oNR1CK8fkDG9XkehkDPv5Z1yykhOh5y3GSLGWQ89sD8RVADxB/RC3DaAHIvLNLS0kL5PGQZduMNpYZYY2+wZ6EYm2LqpKWB1wAAkdIb3w/rmIoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
. Тогда
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAD8AAAAUCAYAAAA6NOUqAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAJ8SURBVFjD7ZexbtswEIaZzkn2tOZDxLe3S2AQSDJ6kAWvHIzAQ2JAQ1DI3jz0IZK+RpIHKZK8QOxXkFuRoqgTdbSYxnELOAZukUwev7ufPyk2m83YrsbOgv8z+Py3l8cnE3vbGvsqeJTEJnprwvlc7osOu8/nWeWRcTG+XANno3w/FvxSjdPjO+Jezuf7AUUiC+Wt7vXopMsZW5hEGePiTibycw96330JXwPPexdX1PsY2I0pzMrmZnxxMrru4v9d9PgVBa/WLmX/UHB2V41nqzzfxC1AI3mSyIOiM/xFjNPj8nk6Fse6GBDfbKLzPngVA2C3utgGTBfEAaXgFVz+XEFmMJyels+nQzhVBYAoPffCW3CU2K02xNOzAIl55dYGb9+j7TCN4SxvxhI3g4IvwPkC/69WULdYDpx3sO5+JL5S74xUMzIcpbTBF9uN/yrzVN2Ep2GaHvngzTZduh4SBG+NCAa3bV19T9lr0I546Et5qHKlEZxTxujCazgGz7hADTZH0VVX0+ERMPbsLsrsF9XF34UJwaObYFOyRycBUk/deyj4cu1u4+pqaqqCgp805G4np81uU7J3Jb8uavCFGS+pOVXxB1320902Tdmr40FNmCQH9b2upFc3nPeQvZa8x2wDOv/kNg65/wq7P2l4poIvSj5YurpygYv6G3h7NnfYA3Uet8FXlx99HwC7bu0D9WNv7Tlvqvjoytc3wSbgka9klLmFwJPbr+VOsvV7fcglJyQoeKWeKBp9o06k4OvtluAnb/mwMUeihlfPkqT/pVIsX2L5ayOF+Mf/AY/u3SESx4E+bLLSh4ptUxzB1rew/D1+9fE9/wG/g/EHSL6wyw8fjY8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа кватернионов порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADNSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImGCYoIbqLBcjWQaG10DFfxkYZF+7ZFUb4dTQ0ZHG4yHDsEfWI68IxM9xky1mkPHYk9bRwYNVQ319rKQRg+wpmKn1kca+DAzGd2Lr6yVxOinamGEByNTQtDQ+ENs4tsEbrx9gzgL64Z9xZL0vQU+Xl6fxepiYdBnLMpwgztOysis98uoN4c5jML6L0w/1eR6GsgyyN2EaYIEA42MNJWMGhjuybjkloEgjKpQgtjC8gkbcK3TTqZOWBl4DAIRiIEITuGTQAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- циклическая группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- такая максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Если
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Поскольку
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа Шмидта, то
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAARCAYAAADdRIy+AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAFZSURBVDjLzZQxTsMwFEB/OwMzFbgbB0h+ewPkeihsHZIoU1EGVLlSi5QBKidbxRFgKGXsGTgBV4CegF6hAv8Q0ypyQgcEDF7s7+f/7P8NaZrCTw74FeACoA75KN0IUINNXK0S6CPMdNAaAJehUg1bzMRzznXMO8UxIUffKisPzwDYSkjlFNeuL09dBrDSB74WDywF6iznNmAcR/sdbN4RkPHBeKc7VCpscM6HCLDEIOlur0mOF5zjhHSLa6XAJMBuOwz7RSCptoXsDzi7sumWAgNE5Sl5Io7hyWiRqkBxIxN5SPOAwcNOZUO6iIH6ukf050aV7tM8iE3XCiRdE2yARpXmtO64TNcKJF0TnG1m7nOrJW6j6XQvO8SFR5N1JZCqPY57R9js3Pei6MBkq0vnjVSpe3SmmJeLfpRFvRIoBRt9dkfWIS+UpZLCMaqb7skH+rO/+xz+FfADV8La1xvtE+YAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
нильпотентна, и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Это означает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- нормальная подгруппа в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Полученное противоречие показывает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Понятно, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADoSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVWMoAwMzAwMDCwT/ZyRKY3l5qLQRA8MtoKbfjIwMfw3Dy/2xaUbTlMbrIWcyI7a+XhLEz/GQLWRkYPhnHFnvi1djQ6yHrUdxgwGM39GRxuMhw7CHwThqIcmBE2XMsJDBOHoBSRpBTneXYdxjHNvgTZLG6iwXI1lZz+VpHR08RGtctYqBKdJYtgfZzwQ1/mdgYMxyky82jq0HOxEIGEEYr0aQpvJwQ39Zt4xSWCIoT3Mx8YhtsMWpEeQ8kCag4v8omNH4DixusWoERTgoxWBgk6h5tE3kNNUIAL57TZGLoOmBAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADtSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDPQzJBVDAxMDKiYEZ84VkOijBnmAxX8A+L/QPxX1iOvCJ84TifmuMkWMzDIvvbIqzckJI7TkCgjhkUMxtELiBHHakB9faykMQPDXePoBh9ixLEbEmnsy8BgfDe0vFwaOSBrIw39gOJ3YuvrJQkaAgzAhdAA/IuG/2PzIoYBHR1pPB4yDHtgIU/IK1gNqc5yMZJlkL2JHisN0cY+wFh5gy6O1RBgFJYwyHrsTuvo4CFGHMUQUOorLw+VBjlZ1i2nhIFhFRN2cUgqxWpInodsEUogGkfNxyaOHla0zYADYggA1fyFiaBkY2cAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
с индексом
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Ясно, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADjSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDPQzBAgYARiJiTMiFccmyHRxgwLgAr+AfF/IP4r65FXhE8cpxNz3GSLGRhkX3vk1RsSEsdpSJQxw0IG4+gFxIhjNaC+PlbSmIHhrnF0gw8x4tgNiTT2ZWAwvhtaXi6NHJBQ8Tux9fWSBA0BOxkSgH/R8H9sXsQwoKMjjcdDhmEPLOQJeQWrIdVZLkayDLI30WOlIdrYBxgrb9DFsRoCjMISBlmP3WkdHTzEiKMYAkp95eWh0iAny7rllCCnUmziWA3J85AtQglEaACii6OHFW0z4IAYAgDetIOR13C0VgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACxSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQrAEImKCYkaCG6iwXI1kGhldAxX8ZjKMWYtMEZ9TXx0qayHnMTOvo4AGxjRkY7hhHN/jg1NCQlycBUgx1FmOUMcNC49gGb2L8wFgfaewLchJRno42ZlgA9oNR1CK8fkDG9XkehkDPv5Z1yykhOh5y3GSLGWQ89sD8RVADxB/RC3DaAHIvLNLS0kL5PGQZduMNpYZYY2+wZ6EYm2LqpKWB1wAAj3Eb3up4sEoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-макимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Так как по условию
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADjSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDPQzBAgYARiJiTMiFccmyHRxgwLgAr+AfF/IP4r65FXhE8cpxNz3GSLGRhkX3vk1RsSEsdpSJQxw0IG4+gFxIhjNaC+PlbSmIHhrnF0gw8x4tgNiTT2ZWAwvhtaXi6NHJBQ8Tux9fWSBA0BOxkSgH/R8H9sXsQwoKMjjcdDhmEPLOQJeQWrIdVZLkayDLI30WOlIdrYBxgrb9DFsRoCjMISBlmP3WkdHTzEiKMYAkp95eWh0iAny7rllCCnUmziWA3J85AtQglEaACii6OHFW0z4IAYAgDetIOR13C0VgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
перестановочны, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, индекс которой равен
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADWSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVWMoAwMzAwIzEqWxvDxU2piB4TZQwx9GBoa/hpG1ftg0o2lK4/WQM5kZW18vCeJnecgWATX/M46s98WrsSHWw9ajuMEAxu/oSOPxkGHYw2ActZDkwIkyZljIYBy9gCSNEBsZ9xjHNniTpLE6y8VIVtZzRVpHBw/RGv8DQzLaWLYH2c8ENYKCP8dNthjmRBAfPUqwaqqNNPSTdcsohSUCoJONPSLr7XBq/A/VBFT8HxUb34HFLVaNoAgHpRgMbBw1n7aJnKYaAWhxSSj6nIQtAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
. Рассуждая как выше, видим, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- нормальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Полученное противоречие показывает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа простого порядка.