(3) Заключительное противоречие.
Ввиду (2), для некоторой максимальной подгруппы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC3SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOmDhxIpuHPEMcg7xHHIiNYkisuRoDg3yZSzmqC4ZQih3BhgAArZymoqwuePMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
имеем
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Так как
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACTSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMbkOijBkWMjAw/IdhWbecYnziOE3PcZMtZmCQfeORV29ISBynIWBbjaMWEiOO1YD6+lhJYwaGu8bRDT7EiGM1pCHa2IeBwfhubH29JDHiRAUsCsbiRQwDOjrSeDxkGPbAQp6QV7AaUl/uIinPIJ/rUo7q5PpYczUGBvkydPEhkGJHuCEApJyjTYp+ljoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACqSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6+lhJYwaGuwwMDP9B2Di6wYegxo6ONB53OeNZsfX1kiB+jptsMS7NqLZFeth55NUbIhvkIcOwh8E4aiHJfowyZlhIskaYjQSdihFQeR6GsrIeK9M6OnhI0hhlLNuL7GeiNIJCFFdU4NTYEG3sI+uWU4zsZI/Ieju8GkGaYJGPwMZ3YXGLVWOem3wYUOF+DGwcXTkIEzmxGABOpFlMS+1+IQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAARCAYAAADdRIy+AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADvSURBVDjL3ZOxDcJADEU9AAOAxNExAPwdTAoWIFG6iAodRWrkpIvEBnTZgwnYIRtkhyATDqFwCRQ0UFxztt/52TrK85y+eeg3gSGoJKKGCFUsMvHlZBHWbQ41hnfp2w7bAlMHVhbdmNhgYYhq34O9wLbLV2BRbEcrzE4KfO5sECgST5h5D6IKUbZ+jllGwoyDqnZjvUDVRRwnXaCqgm2yY5P2zdcLjADZiJ0HUzo7LVVl8MFmdqz3hLD8aMuqC0TymOO9UFV1nm4hPl0v8KZ7T3ZAp6p3Q7peoOq65FuxWV6A4LgtilG36z/6ev8NvALZ9e8g64/EfgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Тогда по условию,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
для каждого
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. По лемме ,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Это означает, что каждая
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADnSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVWMoAwMzAwMDCwT/ZyRKY3l5qLQRA8MtoKbfjIwMfw3Dy/2xaUbTlMbrIWcyI7a+XhLEz/GQLWRkYPhnHFnvi1djQ6yHrUdxgwGM39GRxuMhw7CHwThqIcmBE2XMsJDBOHoBSRpBTneXYdxjHFvvTZLG6iwXI1lZz+VpHR08RGtctYqBKdJYtgfZzwQ1/mdgYMxyky+GOREIGEEYr0aQpvJwQ39Zl4xSWCIoT3Mx8YhtsMWpEeQ8kCag4v8omNH4DixusWrMc5MPAyrcj4GNoytpm8hpqhEAn6RMJEli30cAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAARCAYAAADdRIy+AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAD+SURBVDjL3ZM/TgJBFId/LYkdDSQOVhwAf3d4bkFtIpONzcZYkLGgMBTk7XZ7BGPHPbwKN+AOwHNYQ9ZZtLCRYpr355v3vcmgqir85cH/BM6INYAdwE2uOkzVlJ7TWIOdk/nixwljg9tmQSftnIZs4oBt6sJOYJzyO7Cun67uOHo34OlkZ4Gq+VBEXghs6MvpaS4ICxGuTLWd6wSaLvO8aANNlRKKubhF136TQE/qg4Zxdo2PRstUhbIKZRhYHJytf/XKpkt6/drjsdFUbZ/Ng6R0k8BP3WNxA2xULXZONwk86D4eivtxqpt7uNs3Up5f67oX81iCfnlhX++ygXtk6+5K+DcTFgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
единичная, и следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABoAAAAUCAYAAACTQC2+AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADTSURBVEjHY2hsbGSgB2YYnhbV18dKGhtH11PLUGzmEW1RlDHDQgYGhv/YsHF0gw/VLIJbZhy1EMbv6Ejj8ZCVXemRV29INYvAhsow7IG5PtrDIzmto4Mnz80tLLa+XpJqFtXneRjKMhidAhkKZhtH9dIkjnLcZIuR40XWLaeY6hbBgg1mOMhS9ARAFYsgwSZ7Exbp9ZEedugJgCoWgYNNxmMPKPKRxRuijX2w+Ywsi9CDDTXOjO+ipziyLAK5GFcmBWOkPEXVDEuXImhoWTRa8ZGDAV+S+APnmungAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- простое число для всех максимальных подгруппы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC+SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo05brLFDAwM/3Fh4+gGH5wmNkQb+zAwyL7xyKs3hIl1dKTxeMjKrgSJ4dQItlXGY09aRwcPsniem1tYbH29JE6NUcYMC2XdcorhNnlEJxP0Y319rKQxA8NdkF9gzoYZglcjxH+YAUJQI8iZDMZRC2HOdJczngXyF16N6M4E4WgPj2T0QCIqGhAhapwCE8fuTCzRgB49CCfm+ajKMjBsBAbEflxY3i0vbJAlcmIwAI28UoVyav8LAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Так как
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
для некоторого простого
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC3SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo319bGSxgwMdxkYGP7LuuUURxkzLDSObvDBq7E+z8NQloHhDUgDiJ/jJlvMwGB8N7a+XhKnxo6ONB4PGYY9DMZRC2FiDdHGPsh8rBrBipBMhxmE7kwMjSC/IJsOcabsG4+8ekOiNYJslzUxWSEr67EyraODB69GWMCAQhNkAMhGWCARHY9g/8nKrsTmTLwaQXFpxGC0Gz0acMcjUuTDnDyI0ypNNQIAUhtaPk+sshcAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC3SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOmDhxIpuHPEMcg7xHHIiNYkisuRoDg3yZSzmqC4ZQih3BhgAArZymoqwuePMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
. Это означает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADPSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMXkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPyXdcspRpaLMmZYCBIHY+OohQRdAtFgfDe2vl4SWTzHTbbYOLrBh6B36utjJU1MTGYaMzDcRdbQ0ZHG42bsVpvW0cFD0JCGaGMfkGaQrcjOBnnV2C0vhaiAzXNzCwN5AxI+sjc98uoNIeLGKTA2XkNATvbwiE6Gs2UY9oACGJdXcMaOR2S9HbLXGGQ89uTludhi8wpWQ3LcjL198upVkQJZGBjAy+TkTDqRxYdIih01hAEAqlqorvkPqLoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADqSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVWMoAwMzAwMDCwT/ZyRKY3l5qLQRA8MtoKbfjIwMfw3Dy/2xaUbTlMbrIWcyI7a+XhLEz/GQLWRkYPhnHFnvi1djQ6yHrUdxgwGM39GRxuMhw7CHwThqIcmBE2XMsJDBOHoBSRpBTneXYdxjHNvgTZLG6iwXI1lZz+VpHR08RGtctYqBKdJYtgfZzwQ1/mdgYMxyky82jq0HOxEIGEEYr0aQpvJwQ39Zt4xSWCIoT3Mx8YhtsMWpEeQ8kCag4v8omNH4DixusWrMc5MPAyrcj4GNoytpm8hpqhEApC9MJ29+A4gAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC3SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOmDhxIpuHPEMcg7xHHIiNYkisuRoDg3yZSzmqC4ZQih3BhgAArZymoqwuePMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
.
Предположим, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Тогда в
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADQSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMXkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPyXdcspRpaLMmZYCBIHY+OohQRdAtFgfDe2vl4SWTzHTbbYOLrBh6B36utjJU1MTGYaMzDcRdbQ0ZHG42bsVpvW0cFD0JCGaGMfkGaQrcjOBnnV2C0vhaiAzXNzCwN5AxI+sjc98uoNIeLGKTA2XkNATvbwiE6Gs2UY9oACGJdXcMaOR2S9HbLXGGQ89uTludhi8wpWQ4pdjI1cyhExUl6exgsM4Hx5edMYZPEhkmJHDWEAAKG7qBbYGNOmAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
имеется неединичная максимальная подгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAUCAYAAACNiR0NAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADtSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgJmYYNZChIdrYh4GB4T+DcdRCZPEcN9lisDgWOYIurK+PlTRikD3lkVdviG6ocXSDD8lers/zMJRlYHgj65ZTjCwebWxcH1tfL0m6gZEedh7RHsmysh4r0zo6eGCuNjaOricrUqI9PJLzGvIkPGQY9sC8CApbQt7FaiDIJW5ueWHwiIBGADHexW4gyLvQyIBEjtHuyPpIQ2K8i9VAdJdEGTMslJGROUqMdzEMRPYuarqUfYOchMARxMBwFz0VoBiInHCRFYI1y7nPgsU2skV4DSQVU9/ASGNLebTgGS2+qIMBy45NRYDy174AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
. Ясно, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADFSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQpAEIGIGYBYxDQ5kJaqjOcjGWY2B4CdTwm8koYhEDw39GnBrq62MlTeTcZqR1dPCA2MaMDHeMoxt8cGpoyMuTACkGsf8DnRZpzLTQOLbem6CnQ0MZmMvDDf0ZjKMWEhVKUSYM84B++MMA8sOqVUxEBWtDsYeBLCPDK1m3nBKi4yHPQ7aIQcZjD8xfBDXURhr6MRhHL8Bpw3+kSEtLCxVwl2XchTeU6mONvUERBsPYFFOelgaHBgC4tx/5FY9sxgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC3SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOmDhxIpuHPEMcg7xHHIiNYkisuRoDg3yZSzmqC4ZQih3BhgAArZymoqwuePMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
, и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
перестановочна с
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, но
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAJwAAAAUCAYAAAB4W1T4AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAK9SURBVGje7Vk9UtwwGFXLDAcIM1aoOMCuJkUKqDKKCmpmvB7SkKFi3FBQ7Wi3c5MLpKPkDNDScAMKbsAdkpWwjNb4R/osiS2+4jXY+Pve85PeZy1Zr9cEgUgFFAGBhkOg4RCIcIarqst9zvjysqr2h25eMHJLCPn3BvoqSjkrhLjo+j/XZ7reuyrYqa7LFrf23684vW56al0bqzVWV10XGXkYenbTV61HbB2maOHKPQTvPj5ORGUpZpSQV7t401RPQzGElvL8YE7oU5ugEpoVq1OXFeZjuK2F1sFT9cMIeSGZeBgybWgdoFr4cp/CG2w483DKr667jChyeZLMcLXx270UjMlzKQ9iGG5I3AWjfyglz13aRDccQAsf7lN5gw2nXT7i5GSGy8WJKMQFpeLO3KuFYYWE9OVkuE1NztmSEPZiv0gVKYzzJSX0uS9SohoOoIWX4SbyBhluaHfzEW979mths2W7Cq3mxXJVflFRbmJDC+AYpxDD6Zrlj2NK5k9GePNi9czkESuhdIBq4cN9Km+Y4eptu01iazhtrYBYK1uR5bw8a+rXs4VPnEJiRdVsz0uqZi7LI/WyIbESYpaFaOHKPQTvoIZrvlIch+UQK1tHSE38TYj5fS7zmU+cQmJF1TQ7vdLBDOV9Q3uKHQ6qhbPhAvAOHqmqgZTDcnv1qpeXZdmjT5xCYsXcp6NrM7swXv52WXAxdzioFq7cQ/AGfzSY8xabjG6E0rtUw7IdIdt9fTwDGps7fWLF3jHsj6exI6FUo8WYFhDuoXiHOYezIwBwBgO5154XbRNpYb7+/Nu3SKYY7v1Q8/3g0+wqH7RIpANUCx/uIXlPMhwEsY4DXDDVcCHxmTrsIvf6ws0e/8Z/3VTVXrhi7s8MXX+Vs++HrdjpqhWD9y7psIvc8QdlRFKgCAg0HAINh0AEwX+WUOa7r8L5EgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Полученное противоречие показывает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
Поскольку ввиду (1),
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- нильпотентная подгруппа.
Из того, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- неединичная нормальная подгруппа в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC3SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOmDhxIpuHPEMcg7xHHIiNYkisuRoDg3yZSzmqC4ZQih3BhgAArZymoqwuePMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
, следует, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
Так как факторгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
изоморфна подгруппе группы автоморфизмов
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и группа автоморфизмов
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADQSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMXkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPyXdcspRpaLMmZYCBIHY+OohQRdAtFgfDe2vl4SWTzHTbbYOLrBh6B36utjJU1MTGYaMzDcRdbQ0ZHG42bsVpvW0cFD0JCGaGMfkGaQrcjOBnnV2C0vhaiAzXNzCwN5AxI+sjc98uoNIeLGKTA2XkNATvbwiE6Gs2UY9oACGJdXcMaOR2S9HbLXGGQ89uTludhi8wpWQ4pdjI1cyhExUl6exgsM4Hx5edMYZPEhkmJHDWEAAKG7qBbYGNOmAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
простого порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
является циклической группой порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACAAAAAUCAYAAADskT9PAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADVSURBVEjHY2hsbGQYSMww6oAR4YD6PA9DWQbZmx559YZ0d0BDtLEPAwPDfwYG2TcD4gBwCNTHShoxyJ4i2gE5brLFIFfLuuUUw9i4fEATB3R0pPF4yMqulJVluAlyBEgsyphhIYNx1EK6OABbokF2ANiBMgx7ICGDBaM5lKwogPkc2ULj6AYfmocALPiRFYPTgYzHnrSODh6aOwAc/LIeK2GWQRKh8d3Y+npJuuQCRKqHYgp8jkhPDG9g5qFHI8Hgp2tRjB78dHUAOJvhyEajteGwdgAAdKqucT6DmPIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
абелева. Из того, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
не содержит кубов, следует, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
не содержит кубов. Это означает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- нильпотентная подгруппа. Таким образом,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Полученное противоречие с выбором группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC3SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOmDhxIpuHPEMcg7xHHIiNYkisuRoDg3yZSzmqC4ZQih3BhgAArZymoqwuePMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
доказывает лемму.
[4.1]. В примитивной группе
каждая максимальная подгруппа группы
перестановочна со всеми
-максимальными подгруппами группы
тогда и только тогда, когда группа
имеет вид: (1)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
,
где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACcSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6PA9DWQaGNwwMDP+Noxt8oowZFoLYDAzGd2Pr6yXx2lhfHytpxCB7SlaW4SZIc0dHGo+HDMMeWbecYrwaG6KNfRhkjU5F5tWrgvhEawQ5D2QTqvNlb3rk1Rvi9iPYmUa7kf0D9qdx1EICgeOjKivrUV/e0cEJ4kcbM1QCA2YZ0CDhQRaPoxqpoBEAK0xeC90wStQAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADHSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQXWMoAwMzAwMDC8OqVUyhoSD2f0a8GoGAMS8vVMaYkfE2kP1b3i2rOMKIaZFxbIM3Xo3VWS7GsoyMr2U9cgpB/DwP2SIGRuM7sfX1kjg1dpSn8brJMO5lMI6aDxOrjTT0YzCOXoDXj/WRxr7IppenhfK5yTDsNY5u8MGrMcqYYSHQtoUg9n+gX3PcZEsYGGRfexQ3GODVGG3MUAl0ViWI3RBpbClralonK+tRX97RwUn7eBzVOBAaAREEV6QM3EAuAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACUAAAARCAYAAABadWW4AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAEISURBVEjH7ZS7DYMwEIb/AVggkm+IxDsgF0yQiDYVomEAQ8calJkhtGmyAUU2yA6JbGRyvFFShILiBIJ7fHe/z8iyDGuz1QFtUD9B5fnZUwIlgBf5UXKUKMxzLpHW4e6AwzXUejflF/mUuNzuHaCnivV+EMoklsDDQdRB7YAxM/DylAZzfrZpogsRKlfHxEIeix5UMyH2Mz3JAEKV5zz3eGL73XY4bFNwOlZ7AlW80VGoupB8uPE7yDnplsrG5eM5XR3eSFtrRjsl3beTctLxnLZORw0MjdA4CiFuHHJUClKXrrxL/evGP+r0oGqt8eRbN3k2rGx0X7IE3c1rbOC8bpfnBrVB/dPeVPCWw9X5oQAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
;
(2)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
,
где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADQSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMXkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPyXdcspRpaLMmZYCBIHY+OohQRdAtFgfDe2vl4SWTzHTbbYOLrBh6B36utjJU1MTGYaMzDcRdbQ0ZHG42bsVpvW0cFD0JCGaGMfkGaQrcjOBnnV2C0vhaiAzXNzCwN5AxI+sjc98uoNIeLGKTA2XkNATvbwiE6Gs2UY9oACGJdXcMaOR2S9HbLXGGQ89uTludhi8wpWQ4pdjI1cyhExUl6exgsM4Hx5edMYZPEhkmJHDWEAAKG7qBbYGNOmAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- минимальная нормальная подгруппа в
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC5SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOWLUqlNlFkkGfQdJFP3TVKmYU18QaCwPDyjo0DTOwh0iKHcGGAAAZj6W/mgk2HwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAXCAYAAAALHW+jAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADvSURBVEjH7ZWxDYMwEEVvABaIxA0Bt4PlgoYmBRZVJCpEwwCGjiZDUDJDWISCDbJDEjuyYiEUGdlVlOIkmnv63//bQN/3EHLgN4FSlicCWAHggaxuvYENY+dSypMCp5De1HcwywXhlTcyCQYUnF+qYYiCADtBGYkuC5KyggEVY5CUa4atStiMrfLrgqrEZxnv9uEf6uEwVBFHnBBhMT0rCMY9i05A2fAEARdbkRdQ2bRvgFYcw7xN1Alo7Nrq9DnGfLb75gzUdpFPZvkdCq329ToE3FbCVdkucM+u1/O1tesFFAT5y2Knh0T+/wU4zxMJQ6Lbhy4bLwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACYSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo319bGSxgwMdxkYGP7LuuUURxkzLDSObvDBq7E+z8NQloHhDUgDiJ/jJlvMwGB8N7a+XhKnxo6ONB4PGYY9DMZRC2FiDdHGPsh8rBrBipBMhxmE7kwMjSC/IJsOcabsG4+8ekO8GqONGSoZjKMrwbZHGlvKmprWycp61Jd3dHAO0ngc1UihRgCZa15gR6JpwQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
;
(3)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
,
где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADQSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMXkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPyXdcspRpaLMmZYCBIHY+OohQRdAtFgfDe2vl4SWTzHTbbYOLrBh6B36utjJU1MTGYaMzDcRdbQ0ZHG42bsVpvW0cFD0JCGaGMfkGaQrcjOBnnV2C0vhaiAzXNzCwN5AxI+sjc98uoNIeLGKTA2XkNATvbwiE6Gs2UY9oACGJdXcMaOR2S9HbLXGGQ89uTludhi8wpWQ4pdjI1cyhExUl6exgsM4Hx5edMYZPEhkmJHDWEAAKG7qBbYGNOmAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACeSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6PA9DWQaGNwwMDP+Noxt8oowZFoLYDAzGd2Pr6yXx2lhfHytpxCB7SlaW4SZIc0dHGo+HDMMeWbecYrwaG6KNfRhkjU5F5tWrgvhEawQ5D2QTqvNlb3rk1Rvi9iPYmUa7kf0D9qdx1EL8gVPuIikv7xE6ceJENhA/2pghEBgw+Wnl5byDLB5HNVJBIwBTrV2XsaHM+gAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAAXCAYAAADtNKTnAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADnSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMTUPq62MljRkY7jIwMPyXdcspJsuQPDe3sNj6ekmQYUYMRrtBbIq8E2Us2+uRV29IkSHRHh7JaR0dPGQb0hBt7GMc3eBDduyADGAwjlpIduzkuMkWg2IGhmGuwVDY0ZHG4yHDsAcWjVHGDAuRo5NgOoGlA5gmiM2yb2CxQNAQuAuQ/Av2v4zHHlgsEDQErIHB+C4sAcEMJeQVFEPATkdyBbFeQTEEFIAwQ0AGyMjIHEWPSoKG1Od5GMoyMLxBjhXkBEVyLkbPYOQZEmuuxmAcHTjMSzaaGgIA9ro9cj4W+KMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
(4)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
,
где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADQSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMXkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPyXdcspRpaLMmZYCBIHY+OohQRdAtFgfDe2vl4SWTzHTbbYOLrBh6B36utjJU1MTGYaMzDcRdbQ0ZHG42bsVpvW0cFD0JCGaGMfkGaQrcjOBnnV2C0vhaiAzXNzCwN5AxI+sjc98uoNIeLGKTA2XkNATvbwiE6Gs2UY9oACGJdXcMaOR2S9HbLXGGQ89uTludhi8wpWQ4pdjI1cyhExUl6exgsM4Hx5edMYZPEhkmJHDWEAAKG7qBbYGNOmAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACeSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6PA9DWQaGNwwMDP+Noxt8oowZFoLYDAzGd2Pr6yXx2lhfHytpxCB7SlaW4SZIc0dHGo+HDMMeWbecYrwaG6KNfRhkjU5F5tWrgvhEawQ5D2QTqvNlb3rk1Rvi9iPYmUa7kf0D9qdx1EL8gVPuIikv7xE6ceJENhA/2pghEBgw+Wnl5byDLB5HNVJBIwBTrV2XsaHM+gAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- различные простые делители порядка группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC5SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuRLOWLUqlNlFkkGfQdJFP3TVKmYU18QaCwPDyjo0DTOwh0iKHcGGAAAZj6W/mgk2HwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
.