Поскольку
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuXIIJLZRQyjDAA2zqRqXAe4QAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- ненильпотентная группа, то в ней существует максимальная подгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAARCAYAAADdRIy+AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAEASURBVDjL3ZOxagJBEIZ/CKTKA3iQlYAEbOV/hTDZwjbFeVx3pJJNYS1z19na2tn6DHkV38B3UMfzglz2TIo0cWGbndlv55thUVUV/nLjfwInxBrAHuA2V01iOWXGcZ2DvZPp7McK6wtu54OO2jENfuSAXezBTmBd5XfgYvH+8Mr+yoCXlV0FquaJiHwQ2DIrx5exICxEODfVdqwTaLrM86INNFVKKKbiZl39jQIzUlMNz/4Rn42WqQplHsrQs3Nwsv7VlE2XzPSrj+eLpmr9bAYS040CT7rn5AbYqNrZNd0oMCWf/HJ5f6rqJXFwPC4/eNts7uo4hmA6vLGvd9vAA3Ja7JlTV3R/AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, которая не является нормальной в
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuXIIJLZRQyjDAA2zqRqXAe4QAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
. Тогда
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACgAAAAXCAYAAAB50g0VAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAHBSURBVEjH7ZYxcsIwEEX3ABwgzGDuAJs2VBmhgpoZ8FDBUDFqqBlB54YL0HGKFOEEuQM34A6JJbH2WhYe08QuKFTYlnff/r9rGQ6HA7R5tRruBdgKwFjK5TpJOv8OqJUcRAA3APi1qycvaq/eBIodAWm96AqhpvTOHOHs9uN1oXU3FHcjoi3FxHg/eRowSdYd2YMLQHSTSg9KwDg/0719jBM/ibnnv1uKkRZbV/Uw3IMApnoOFCNqrtSj4kjt9yj6MoB1lAsCOvnD1dskMzmiZyYhYqx9hVCIHQJcfQhbzAJXVfZXAmbVMwurVsheJXD1qdSHiROJzdbfa3u0ZvwSoFUkrZwHznvqPihsAEL2mgEyg8QBbd/h/Ejxn7G3FiB/RtVbtWW89O2VMz3KpjndS9Cmn12hz9kbtjgwIP5kcpjcXjGl5LaX0zhj7J/onSp7uUtGIP5tDX8GvEA2OAPnMJnC/fGJnlNCspPihtxxg5kra675PnhoZ6Hv8mS+vcUedYncNKtV8eN9X6x4k2sIw+8q2xs9Z21xd+DiyZUr2hrA7NqbgUYBnWrDH1LLtIPfp43/ThV7uHyKvX5YX4BNrz86IToG0xZhnQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
- примитивная группа, которая удовлетворяет условиям леммы .
I. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAFYAAAAXCAYAAACRUrg+AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAJFSURBVFjD7Zg9bsIwFMffAXqAVoq5AzzWdqqMB2akEjEVdaq8MCPDxsIF2NjaE3Ro1y69AzfgDpSXYGISBzmEQKEeLIQw7+Pn9/7PMozHY/Dr+MtD8GA9WL80WKV6d4ihqsJBKMTzy2Ryc6qEqsylErBdhDkArABw0VPqzrbnlbNBvAdWGI7aZJdz2Slr56rB0hqF2AZgSyFVPZOQFHUGsIRAfOkKpf02MEXtXDXYyeTlRgTwZQNC/28y9kFATJAhokpX5SF2rhosVRJyPkSARTrpCGAP+2Z759ksaqcM2ER2LAu7c7dCghXjrwOyRZ/bjtoURixb2XidwUqO/Ucp78kZOTDbmgBFSRjB5slAUTvnqNjIxvrgdXwxvKTDot9rrVkomGLN5htj4j0tW07B0Olx5EM5krcmkOj0sDvVgbjIQFE7pwa7rdRUkaRnBwFFLvulpIASF0/qYdtea6caEjmLh1HSDlFwInwua+ccUmDNJdVdXWTTGrZm+4arE1jJeUc7itpifXotrM10a6Tb1wRYxk424RgKJZl3Py5bsVFcRgw2GWgA+7HdaAqB1XpitoF5v9Ribp6oCbCMnd3kkiqi77Z9xwBrHi75CYLgOyMLDjNgbzBmlejE4qkea0um1TatnZaBQ+yYoBrQ+HSVh7Jgk6mf3AZMzSfYLjPgT939ciVgA9pMOk+Lj5lL0UO9WLC2CV0lWNe2v0iwcZU2fnTV6It6pffYnc4o/l5xMc+Guxptf2Pw77H/6T3WLw/Wg/3v6xdUllCIlG6jQwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB9SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo319bGSxgwMdxkYGP7LuuUURxkzLDSObvDBq7E+z8NQloHhDUgDiJ/jJlvMwGB8N7a+XhKnxo6ONB4PGYY9DMZRC2FiDdHGPsh8rBrBipBMhxmE7kwMjSC/IJsOcabsG4+8esNBGh2jGgdKIwC+U2CJxoz9YgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAAOCAYAAAAbvf3sAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACTSURBVCjPY2hsbGQgBTPQT0N9faykMQPDXQYGhv+ybjnFHR1pPB4yDHsYjKMW4rQBpsg0Oi/CQ1Z2pYmJ7AqQZpwa6vM8DGUZjE65uRnXeuTVGxL0Q46bbDGDrOxNY7e8FKI8HWXMsJBBxmNPWkcHD9GeNo5u8CEqlBqijX0YGIzvxtbXSxKlAex+tCAc4JgmFgMAd/P2AMvPlwkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- простые числа (не обязательно различные). Ввиду леммы ,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
Так как
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
содержится в некоторой максимальной подгруппе
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACZSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMQY0dHWk8HjIMexgYGP5jw8bRDT5YNdbXx0oaG0fXg9l5Hoaysh4r0zo6eMD8yEjD2Pp6SYJOzXGTLZZ1yymG8bOyslSI8mOUMcNCdKcR1AhyshGD0W50pxHU2BBt7MNgHLWQ5OggxpkYGol1JobGhkhjSwbj6Eo0w4SNGRiWybvlhQ31tDqMNQIAy0Sdx72jEwAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- произвольная максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAAUCAYAAABroNZJAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACvSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMU0M6OtJ4PGQY9jAwMPzHho2jG3wIGlJfHytpbBxdD2bneRjKynqsTOvo4AHzIyMNY+vrJUnyTo6bbLGsW04xjJ+VlaVCcphEGTMsxOd8goaAvGXEYLQbn/MJGtIQbezDYBy1kKIoJtUrGIaQ4xUMQ/B5BRztDAxvGGQ89sCiHsUQjISGRWG0h0cySAybd0lO4g1poQKhaVhcMloUUN8QAMVy9eWKBmcSAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACZSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMQY0dHWk8HjIMexgYGP5jw8bRDT5YNdbXx0oaG0fXg9l5Hoaysh4r0zo6eMD8yEjD2Pp6SYJOzXGTLZZ1yymG8bOyslSI8mOUMcNCdKcR1AhyshGD0W50pxHU2BBt7MNgHLWQ5OggxpkYGol1JobGhkhjSwbj6Eo0w4SNGRiWybvlhQ31tDqMNQIAy0Sdx72jEwAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
. Ясно, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAAUCAYAAABroNZJAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACvSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMU0M6OtJ4PGQY9jAwMPzHho2jG3wIGlJfHytpbBxdD2bneRjKynqsTOvo4AHzIyMNY+vrJUnyTo6bbLGsW04xjJ+VlaVCcphEGTMsxOd8goaAvGXEYLQbn/MJGtIQbezDYBy1kKIoJtUrGIaQ4xUMQ/B5BRztDAxvGGQ89sCiHsUQjISGRWG0h0cySAybd0lO4g1poQKhaVhcMloUUN8QAMVy9eWKBmcSAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAARCAYAAADpPU2iAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADFSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBTNQpAEIGIGYBYxDQ5kJaqjOcjGWY2B4CdTwm8koYhEDw39GnBrq62MlTeTcZqR1dPCA2MaMDHeMoxt8cGpoyMuTACkGsf8DnRZpzLTQOLbem6CnQ0MZmMvDDf0ZjKMWEhVKUSYM84B++MMA8sOqVUxEBWtDsYeBLCPDK1m3nBKi4yHPQ7aIQcZjD8xfBDXURhr6MRhHL8Bpw3+kSEtLCxVwl2XchTeU6mONvUERBsPYFFOelgaHBgC4tx/5FY9sxgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuXIIJLZRQyjDAA2zqRqXAe4QAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
. Следовательно, для любого
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
подгруппы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
перестановочны. Это означает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Поскольку
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то либо
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, либо
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Ясно, что первый случай не возможен. Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- единственная максимальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMQY0dHWk8HjIMexgYGP5jw8bRDT5YNdbXx0oaG0fXg9l5Hoaysh4r0zo6eMD8yEjD2Pp6SYJOzXGTLZZ1yymG8bOyslSI8mOUMcNCdKcR1AhyshGD0W50pxHU2BBt7MNgHLWQ5OggxpkYGol1JqbGWHM1BuPoQGSx8vI0XmMGhnxZlzyroZ5Wh7FGANAhnS+9b4maAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMQY0dHWk8HjIMexgYGP5jw8bRDT5YNdbXx0oaG0fXg9l5Hoaysh4r0zo6eMD8yEjD2Pp6SYJOzXGTLZZ1yymG8bOyslSI8mOUMcNCdKcR1AhyshGD0W50pxHU2BBt7MNgHLWQ5OggxpkYGol1JqbGWHM1BuPoQGSx8vI0XmMGhnxZlzyroZ5Wh7FGANAhnS+9b4maAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- примарная циклическая группа. Ввиду произвольного выбора
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMQY0dHWk8HjIMexgYGP5jw8bRDT5YNdbXx0oaG0fXg9l5Hoaysh4r0zo6eMD8yEjD2Pp6SYJOzXGTLZZ1yymG8bOyslSI8mOUMcNCdKcR1AhyshGD0W50pxHU2BBt7MNgHLWQ5OggxpkYGol1JqbGWHM1BuPoQGSx8vI0XmMGhnxZlzyroZ5Wh7FGANAhnS+9b4maAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABcAAAAUCAYAAABmvqYOAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAEXSURBVEjH7ZQxbgIxEEX/AehSrcSUOQBMnVRo5II6EmttlYgKuaFGw3bb5BDcgxNwAwpuwB2SDIo3ycZaeROliEQxcmH57czz96Kua/xV4QrPgjfNcuTG2AN4AZe71KGt5/llH3R2QSeDOy8ZuxRctSoYOGHs9sumGQ3W0gcomZ6JcCRZrX/kXBfuXoQ3AJ8q1eKzDhbZEOjYp6MX7p17DGF2R5geIvwyDXtdCa1zlCThBhEJD7ZOQYfYoWfWhYZbu+wcJWn4mxIDRu/st3Pr1tbuBwfDTYmNHCNpjlnCUxvBTCXf4NHrlzi+w9r8d+IZJ0ypSjyMj8djnu1CNbgJAed2v9O9ne2F/6b+Mbzim2IW6Po/z6pXPGaf1AlUAHkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- примарная циклическая группа.
Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Тогда
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
для некоторого
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB4SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo0N0cY+DAwM/zGx8d3Y+npJvDbW53kYyjIwvDGObvAB8Ts60ng8ZBj2MMh47Enr6ODBqRFiK8IGEM5xky2GieHUGGXMsJDBOGohhhg+G+vrYyWNGRjuwpyJsI3hP0xskETHqMaB0ggArzJeqce4YhYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- силовская
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACDSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6PA9DWQaGNwwMDP+Noxt8oowZFoLYDAzGd2Pr6yXx2lhfHytpxCB7SlaW4SZIc0dHGo+HDMMeWbecYrwaG6KNfRhkjU5F5tWrgvhEawQ5D2QTqvNlb3rk1Rvi9iPYmUa7kf0D9qdx1MJBFh2jGgdSIwChdV/gvEMN2wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuXIIJLZRQyjDAA2zqRqXAe4QAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACoSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMA40dHWk8HjIMexgYGP7DsKxbTjFejTlussUghcbRDT4wsYZoYx9kMRyaZN945NUbostFGTMsZJDx2JPW0cGDIlGf52Eoy8DwBtlJRGkESzAY342tr5fE6Wd0jfX1sZLGDAx3GYyjFmKzDd01pDkTyTUYNmLTiC2UURTkuchaMTDIl7mUI/wYbcwQCNTUYB5brzbc0uow0ggAcFmWCkOJZn8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- силовская
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB9SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo319bGSxgwMdxkYGP7LuuUURxkzLDSObvDBq7E+z8NQloHhDUgDiJ/jJlvMwGB8N7a+XhKnxo6ONB4PGYY9DMZRC2FiDdHGPsh8rBrBipBMhxmE7kwMjSC/IJsOcabsG4+8esNBGh2jGgdKIwC+U2CJxoz9YgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAABySURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo1RxgwLGRgY/qNg46iFRNkI0Wx8N7a+XrIh2tgHpNk4usGHOI1QW+rrYyWNGRjuyrrlFOPVCFMIs6E+z8NQloHhDUGNEKdBnNnRkcbjIcOwh0HGY09aRwfPIIuOUY0DpREAv8NfENXo4dUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- силовская
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAAOCAYAAAAbvf3sAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACTSURBVCjPY2hsbGQgBTPQT0N9faykMQPDXQYGhv+ybjnFHR1pPB4yDHsYjKMW4rQBpsg0Oi/CQ1Z2pYmJ7AqQZpwa6vM8DGUZjE65uRnXeuTVGxL0Q46bbDGDrOxNY7e8FKI8HWXMsJBBxmNPWkcHD9GeNo5u8CEqlBqijX0YGIzvxtbXSxKlAex+tCAc4JgmFgMAd/P2AMvPlwkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACaSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5ekiRDkOVwuXIIJLZRQyjDAA2zqRqXAe4QAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
. Так как
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
,
то
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACgSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQVSMQMAIxMyYOZcarsSHW2Buo8C8Q/4fSf0CYkcHobmh5uTRep9bneRjKMjC+MY5t8AbxOzrSeDxkGXYzyHjsSevo4MGtMdLYl4HB+E5sfb0kTCzHTbYEKHYXJIZTY5QRwyIG4+gFMD7QzYwRIDFZj904bayvj5U0ZmC4axzd4INkWzHIzzAxhsERj6MaB0ojAHzPU9hZygQhAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACDSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6PA9DWQaGNwwMDP+Noxt8oowZFoLYDAzGd2Pr6yXx2lhfHytpxCB7SlaW4SZIc0dHGo+HDMMeWbecYrwaG6KNfRhkjU5F5tWrgvhEawQ5D2QTqvNlb3rk1Rvi9iPYmUa7kf0D9qdx1MJBFh2jGgdSIwChdV/gvEMN2wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Из того, что факторгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
сверхразрешима и подгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
циклическая, следует, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- сверхразрешимая группа. Допустим, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB9SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo319bGSxgwMdxkYGP7LuuUURxkzLDSObvDBq7E+z8NQloHhDUgDiJ/jJlvMwGB8N7a+XhKnxo6ONB4PGYY9DMZRC2FiDdHGPsh8rBrBipBMhxmE7kwMjSC/IJsOcabsG4+8esNBGh2jGgdKIwC+U2CJxoz9YgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
- наибольший простой делитель порядка группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
. Тогда
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACsAAAAUCAYAAAAUccS4AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAFaSURBVEjH7Za9bsIwEMfvAdi6FAmPPABcVjpGHvICJcrKgJAXZuRkyyt0ZOneuUh9Et6Ad2gdIpPE+A6nVdUiZbjFie9+97+PBIqigHuxuwEdYP8EtixXIzmBAwB8WhPxZvsbEFrJmQA4XWJN5EHl6jHGeLcqyxELu4nFtrqEaZ7YszzFxD37qTWCiJNUenYFj8s9q2wN2r1sbYmwr7JuZ8sqprPxHObvmdZjEpTwV3G4wnjLQZU7FLZRDI9RFL34YDlRzizP8sl9dg1jAnxHCaqsKaJ2/V3ec8ocPGBVyRDgSDngVKd6j4K1sVxfdi4a6wrXrwUI1etn9RS7qveBvSVakAPfdmBXUCsQ2wae5Gp1/b18s+mtan1WVnvN+WC59cQNMZAltdZzCEJbp1PyTp/SwngnOsvU4t9/bk2mDybTV5Pdh2mHt0TpaVO2ZCowXQ8/MgPsABtuX/ll5JAWAcXHAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Значит,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAEIAAAAXCAYAAAC/F5msAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAIpSURBVFjD7ZcxbsIwFIbfAThAkQhbDwDOClNlMjBXgihTERPywoxCtiw9QNk4RYdygt6BG3AHmmfjxElsJ6moVCEPHhDOe3++9z8/B5IkAbcScBAcCAfCgegMYkngCABXAHKO4riv27Oh3lbsgSsJ9/O2CdN03QsGcJLP4vLoZvsXLxezYOQBXPJcg+DE9uyJErpbp2mvlSP2IZkDeJeAxSNjgixwNaBtSXgqOJGnG8z2sMv6c91keWzlCFMgHiyO+r7nfWLALuIFBD1Y7sCOUFHHGMZfVcfm2g3xUIdOt9FShNIdAThXHwoJiaOIrGxtY3KQqQW6gCiKRM6+739UNdiAcy2LYKr7T5uMUbJ6YWyCCVXxaGMEw4Vr7GVa4szRg2uqoM2lvChKzHxPB21GEBgMDxM8VFQQvKpk+Y6W1DnFZmHcbxLX5BZbm1ZByFzVWPIcKla9KFphwSKe5pXMXkDCwYqJoHduC0u8fIJpHNMWRJuCaNqCvsrgvN8yATMyPMhq2NpCJY9iwiB4Y/Hi2SRON0UaR6GS29gaGmi2KVgDwakNZwcZpDrabNUVL1VUFn/LfboDTFa669hUNVVB2EZk04Fs6CPxQmJ6sFX5knVbSiLTKNNf0urP/2bZWipvg9K5YId+lwsMh3h7sfJtrhCKto0iNnnobw0VRP5bsWG5QprbXjaNHgKEcMH4W1YfbSvPB3XK1O7+hmngvj4dCAfCgXAg/un6AaY+pq8iC9UyAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, противоречие. Если
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAAOCAYAAAAbvf3sAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACTSURBVCjPY2hsbGQgBTPQT0N9faykMQPDXQYGhv+ybjnFHR1pPB4yDHsYjKMW4rQBpsg0Oi/CQ1Z2pYmJ7AqQZpwa6vM8DGUZjE65uRnXeuTVGxL0Q46bbDGDrOxNY7e8FKI8HWXMsJBBxmNPWkcHD9GeNo5u8CEqlBqijX0YGIzvxtbXSxKlAex+tCAc4JgmFgMAd/P2AMvPlwkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- наибольший простой делитель порядка группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, то рассуждая как выше видим, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Полученное противоречие показывает, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACLSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6PA9DWQaGNwwMDP+Noxt8oowZFoLYDAzGd2Pr6yXx2lhfHytpxCB7SlaW4SZIc0dHGo+HDMMeWbecYrwaG6KNfRhkjU5F5tWrgvhEawQ5D2QTqvNlb3rk1Rvi9mN9rLAxg3EP0D/CMLFoY4ZKBuPoykEWHaMaB1IjAIb8X1m6K9vvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- наибольший простой делитель порядка группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
. Значит,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB4SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo0N0cY+DAwM/zGx8d3Y+npJvDbW53kYyjIwvDGObvAB8Ts60ng8ZBj2MMh47Enr6ODBqRFiK8IGEM5xky2GieHUGGXMsJDBOGohhhg+G+vrYyWNGRjuwpyJsI3hP0xskETHqMaB0ggArzJeqce4YhYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- нормальная подгруппа в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
. Если
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACMAAAARCAYAAABXaxX/AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAD0SURBVEjHY2hsbGQYLHjQOGTwOqY+z8NQloHhDQOD8d3Y+nrJhmhjHwYGhv/G0Q0+yBqijBkWgsRxYuOohbgsq6+PlTRmYLgLUifrllMMMgvZfFTFIAfJeqzMizaNYDAy2m3EIHvKI6/ekBq+hnkW5AgQP8dNthjmcayOASmQNTFZIWsc1UvN4O/oSOPxkGHYgxxq4JBHC0UGjCiQ8diT1tHBg8tgcqIJEuWIUIA5Dj0JoMSnEYPRbuRgoxYGewDJkZAokn2DngQY8AUbLRwDsgecFIBpEz0GUDSgBxu1MCKnQqIRnDahCXm00Bt1zKhjhr1jAHgLacDvvXvxAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB4SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo0N0cY+DAwM/zGx8d3Y+npJvDbW53kYyjIwvDGObvAB8Ts60ng8ZBj2MMh47Enr6ODBqRFiK8IGEM5xky2GieHUGGXMsJDBOGohhhg+G+vrYyWNGRjuwpyJsI3hP0xskETHqMaB0ggArzJeqce4YhYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- группа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACsSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQTSMQMAIxMxQzrmJgYIKwQ5nxamwo9jCQZWB4BVT8zzCy1i/amGEBkP2HkcHobmx5uRRep5aXx0oZMciekpNjuG4c2+Dd0ZHG4yHDsEfWLacYr8b6SGNfBlnjk5F59aogPlyjR14RXo1RxgwLQTbB+NVZLkZyDHI3PIobDHBqrK+PFTZmMO6Jra8XhokB/VnJYBxdSZvoGNU4JDUCAGGzVa08jLqIAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACoSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMA40dHWk8HjIMexgYGP7DsKxbTjFejTlussUghcbRDT4wsYZoYx9kMRyaZN945NUbostFGTMsZJDx2JPW0cGDIlGf52Eoy8DwBtlJRGkESzAY342tr5fE6Wd0jfX1sZLGDAx3GYyjFmKzDd01pDkTyTUYNmLTiC2UURTkuchaMTDIl7mUI/wYbcwQCNTUYB5brzbc0uow0ggAcFmWCkOJZn8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACGSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo319bGSxgwMdxkYGP7LuuUURxkzLDSObvDBq7E+z8NQloHhDUgDiJ/jJlvMwGB8N7a+XhKnxo6ONB4PGYY9DMZRC2FiDdHGPsh8rBrBipBMhxmE7kwMjdHGDJUMxtGVMH6em3wYA4PsRp+8etVBGh2jGgdKIwBWAF/fhYGxQQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-группа. Ясно, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- единственная
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAABkSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMvMb6+lhJYwaGuwwMDP9B2Di6wYegxo6ONB53OeNZsfX1kiB+jptsMS7NqLZFeth55NUbIhvkIcOwh8E4aiHJfowyZlhIskaYjQSdOsTicVQjFTQCAMcoYqZMiW80AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
-максимальная подгруппа в
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACoSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMA40dHWk8HjIMexgYGP7DsKxbTjFejTlussUghcbRDT4wsYZoYx9kMRyaZN945NUbostFGTMsZJDx2JPW0cGDIlGf52Eoy8DwBtlJRGkESzAY342tr5fE6Wd0jfX1sZLGDAx3GYyjFmKzDd01pDkTyTUYNmLTiC2UURTkuchaMTDIl7mUI/wYbcwQCNTUYB5brzbc0uow0ggAcFmWCkOJZn8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
. Поскольку
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- неприводимая абелева группа автоморфизмов группы
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
- циклическая группа и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAUCAYAAAC9BQwsAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACoSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMA40dHWk8HjIMexgYGP7DsKxbTjFejTlussUghcbRDT4wsYZoYx9kMRyaZN945NUbostFGTMsZJDx2JPW0cGDIlGf52Eoy8DwBtlJRGkESzAY342tr5fE6Wd0jfX1sZLGDAx3GYyjFmKzDd01pDkTyTUYNmLTiC2UURTkuchaMTDIl7mUI/wYbcwQCNTUYB5brzbc0uow0ggAcFmWCkOJZn8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- циклическая группа. Следовательно,
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- группа типа (2).
Пусть теперь
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Поскольку в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAARCAYAAADdRIy+AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADdSURBVDjL7ZOxDYNADAA9QAYIUkiXAZB3cChYILy+Q6nQp6BGho4Z0rFHVmEDdiBy4CNEHpJIaZBSuHn77322HsqyhF8GrBMYI9QA0AFgo5k9V02hMOproPMpzd522F/w29BwMM2xCQMfoHU9OAvsu3wFVtV5c8T9VYDjzhaBzNojogsCNKiKaJwzhAkR5qI6zc0CRRe1TqZAUUUySUp+NjdfJ1Ah8onNIdzBzWqJKiHlpjBbOQeM64+2LLqIip9zHC6KqszTLsSl6wQ+dIdiC7Sqcraku+Kf8gd+FXdJrfESmttJ3AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
все максимальные подгруппы примарны и цикличны, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и поэтому
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
II. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Согласно лемме ,
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACsAAAAXCAYAAACS5bYWAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAHRSURBVFjD7VY7bgIxEJ0DcIAg4dwBZltSIeOCGimsqEBUyA01MnTb5ACh4xQU4QS5QQpuwB0S7GXI7OBACFK0SBRbYMb7PvM8XpjP53Arz80QvZMtPdnUmMEoyyr/TtZZU1cAWwD4VHo84f/1EJZ+PTzYW4Z6169qbbvHNbjpO1eNgY61mtB7MJ11rnY2Bz0G9EAcYJZiRwL6NQC1NdbVfzSjZtaXdiO66N1KkuQVATacSJaNKhr1lIOkiI4L8jWmBusY2fBepVae7CWOniRLboV27dtNrqC2Qw6OmDrpHGo9lUIPwvo4PBWRi8larbv+ZXnL1Ac5ZDUOuVuxCPialrVN7y7PPNWGeDEDriIb2mjSAW+pB/1tBHyNndkHTjaIxt5L6ETE8aumgXl2T4XDsjsM1raaPAJcVGwvOchF5gfvbxGIkpWtJjeUSlaFdSGKx+cwnnYi2/i4oH3nIpCLyUea74qc30cRkK0+gIhRw4kdRD22F1RDwNRyGllydhdn77fr/resjaqSxOQUkBEo7N0D8j2Fy4RdKFxoAxpv5+JRijs/iKUbkd2gMt+lI8sPtYxjKcjmbjbeyUUfm1i2S/P5V8x9/Lvi/vF9J3trZL8ANvqleZHU1gUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
- минимальная нормальная подгруппа в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACgAAAAXCAYAAAB50g0VAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAALKSURBVEjH7VbBTttAEB0nPVK4lsKmvwCecCs3uiwQejMlsXwoba0KRStBQFZViJ1bpH5BpYpSjvmAHhK49xsQ+QBa/qAtdMdmYzs4KvSSSCXSKNHG+/xm3pvZhUajAaMcI03u/yDYAsgNhaD6GCoexGHlI0KtFCFbiFduszlGvy0L8slnMxNqQS7GvDL+iaAFkPfchWIB4FwB/QyDLbYdz5laQF7XhDzPecy5XNP7KkU4UFn9AsCu4/uTWUlvcrarvi4JEx1/5c4EPdeaWJw2jgEK56IWzOj1oCZmmAHfAe1DveaXcRWdIPWS/fLscwB2IaQ/24/9fnMBGcAFsKW2TvJOBBW5cT4NJ4MApGDbaAelnryIfrJSnuc+FMzoGBkEfc+aKjL2lYFx0Z/UrQlWOdsBg/1IVi4ZgSPm9X8kL6Jd76uQiULsIcAZlv1VvX6lNFXJ1G0b34CBZ1ny/5Vgs+mOCapeQkINntUsWfJKjq+FlE8VzjHj1Zr2nV+eC5+tmHDUj39rgr7vTKrMuxq4t+7gChlasbwEg8xtnlIFMuVFsScD+eia4I6uKsPKB6q4CUb3LvJmETzTwClvhuDQBax87pER9ka/vMIJ5iNvwqF69gt5mkiTn6nig+RNqdRq5ZKzNSXxEoM2TPMTy/XGU1UkcIi9mSQT+5e/0C+nZiIcUSx8pD0k8yB5aS6+Czs/GmdP+GYtOVvTTaBGCc2+nLl+lPTdOoEnOltyvqbJUPZSlhiyZ59UYhMhjo0ltfyb5hwNb5qpNF4Yf7urpnn+RmMCnmq8qmBbTFS3Bs5BklrJedob0NehhypVenm5/LLfo1FE/qRE50R1Qw/vFFaxcpC0zqxhdmhP+uSKkxjqRSCstPJq7yAAdRBA3IijQdCsHKW8zkQneUgMl2BYNfxWkpJprzMht0fqPhg1FPUaxc0j8v5GfU9w2PEH19UIqhU0zIYAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
и либо
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAFQAAAAXCAYAAACVp2gDAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAJUSURBVFjD7ZgxbsIwFIZ9AA7QSrh3qB4rTJXrSp0rgcUE6lR56VwZNpYeoN0YOQELF2HgBtyhxU5feDEGkpAAqjy8JXH8nr/3/3YSNh6PWYzqIkKIQCPQfxVGy3vO2Jo15eJ1MmlEoCeGknJgQfaATUGNnoNAjenfAihTR+KzqKaG+o/m7MqO1Oa+FNBU5oz9cPH2Tu/ZTtnrLqA3xfmE0C+7Y2DVN+Y2lONN8HecJ9T5awOqlHrau4fmLSgBswvFwqAQRgqefSj2GmN8HerqsX3p2oD66y0F1I5ptVpfwNiKTjaZvDYEiA8KQgEYCt2OkU22CAF183I+t0CLKvMSQKkjfbcWAoqqc9b8szaqC4QeHlpcMkZ8+M1I4fdheGg7KAI0swX5Qeo+pD6Etd2Gws46SaFaiBe74MSefIkJtIAhTRayux3zoHXbqpR2Fcc6CDkWew6FOjdxPuOcLbHWIvXlKsglkWpA7WuT5bW7HaNH+oYCdY2B3qfLHVDupYD6gqkFqE0iu6aTOWA2B4jWD21qdwo+9CwWRhuRHFbl7V6H5amLUEB5G54LqG9rVBXnrXnmugeebhXp/rRpxCPcfeNzp9q9SoWi3emasOa8bx9HCwrZOgXhJaLw0nnvHr9xTKLG7Xsmvi6FTks6/pjCqgLq6uFyhvUmh1Ix9xwsKLMgD55/uvt2z8JIiqLP7FjTg1UEUlVA6cdFaM2VnvLnDtsQVG7anBoVGrJ76b9N1w5037ZTJVDf7v8O6Pbrav9XSVVAQ/8jTgIaI/5gjkAj0Bil4hcboRiHAWH3kAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
, либо
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
1. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB/SURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzMMDo0N0cY+DAwM/zGx8d3Y+npJvDbW53kYyjIwvDGObvAB8Ts60ng8ZBj2MMh47Enr6ODBqRFiK8IGEM5xky2GieHUGGXMsJDBOGohhhg+G+vrY4WNGRiWGUc2WMLE8tzkw4D+3A8TGyTRMapxoDQCACFnXel7fwmkAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
- силовская
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAARCAYAAADtyJ2fAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACxSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgBzNQTSMQMAIxCwT/ZwwNZWCGsEOZ8WpsKPYwkGNgeAnU/c8wstIv0phpAVDjb0YGozux5Q1SeJ1aXh4rZcgge0pOjuGacWy9d0dHGo+HDMMeWbecYrwa6yONfRlkjU/EFterQAxK4wVr9MgrwqsxyphpoXFsgzfcoCwXYzlG+RsexQ0GODXW18cKGzMY98TW1wvDxKKNGSoZjKMraRMdoxqHpEYAebxWoBcRH5cAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
-подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAARCAYAAAA7bUf6AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACmSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMfkPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPwHYxmPPXkNeRJuxm61aR0dPHgN6ehI4/GQYdjDwCD7xiOv3hDDUOOohXhdAjcAaCu6bSCc4yZbbBzd4IPXEJAidBegeDHSww6bHKYrsDiX6ICtr4+VNGZguCvrllOMrKAh2tgHHrhgbHw3tr5eEpchwkBDlsm75YVheAMqx2AcXTlEE9uoIZRhAJPuqGADMxyUAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
.