Вполне естественно возниает вопрос: для каких делителей
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA8AAAATCAYAAABPwleqAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADBSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgFzMMY80N0cY+DAwM/xlkPPakdXTwkGxzjptssaxbTjHJNnd0pPF4yMqu9MirNyRZc319rKSxnPssZCfj1RxlzLAQ5s+8aNMIBuOohQQDDGwLA8NdmOL6PA9DWQaGN8bRDT54NYP9JsOwB9kWkJi7nPGs2Pp6SbyaIVFifBdZIVgMi5MxNIP9iaQQn5PxagZrlDXZbiJrsiI6z8PLI7LeDq9mmE3wUK6PVAUHHlrKGgm5ChcGAAqwoUZQ1iEcAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
порядка конечной группы имеется подгруппа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA8AAAATCAYAAABPwleqAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADBSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgFzMMY80N0cY+DAwM/xlkPPakdXTwkGxzjptssaxbTjHJNnd0pPF4yMqu9MirNyRZc319rKSxnPssZCfj1RxlzLAQ5s+8aNMIBuOohQQDDGwLA8NdmOL6PA9DWQaGN8bRDT54NYP9JsOwB9kWkJi7nPGs2Pp6SbyaIVFifBdZIVgMi5MxNIP9iaQQn5PxagZrlDXZbiJrsiI6z8PLI7LeDq9mmE3wUK6PVAUHHlrKGgm5ChcGAAqwoUZQ1iEcAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
.
Положительный ответ на этот вопросв случае, когда
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA8AAAATCAYAAABPwleqAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADBSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgFzMMY80N0cY+DAwM/xlkPPakdXTwkGxzjptssaxbTjHJNnd0pPF4yMqu9MirNyRZc319rKSxnPssZCfj1RxlzLAQ5s+8aNMIBuOohQQDDGwLA8NdmOL6PA9DWQaGN8bRDT54NYP9JsOwB9kWkJi7nPGs2Pp6SbyaIVFifBdZIVgMi5MxNIP9iaQQn5PxagZrlDXZbiJrsiI6z8PLI7LeDq9mmE3wUK6PVAUHHlrKGgm5ChcGAAqwoUZQ1iEcAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
– степень простого числа, даёт теорема Силова. Для доказательства теоремы Силова потребуется следующая лемма.
Лемма 1.2 Если порядок конечной абелевой группы
делится на простое число
, то в группе
существует элемент порядка
. Доказательство. Предположим противное, т.е. допустим, что существует абелева группа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC8SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDOMIEOijBkWMjAw/Idj46iFHR1pPG7GbrVpHR08eA1piDb2AWuS8diDrBgmLuuWU4zXJTCFxtENPtgsyHGTLUaXQ1FQn+dhKMvA8AbkbFxezHMzTvHIqzfEaQgkDIzvxtbXS5IVsKAA85Bh2IMeDnBx5ABGswjhlfpYSWMGhru4vIIrUEkyBBSguLyKJUxk36AHHNxLOCxAjR2Ya9BshMUarmgnLqViSXgjNRcTiwEtI9O4eJHXcwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAAPCAYAAAA/I0V3AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACpSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgFTMMEU31eR6GsgwMbxgYGP4bRzf4dHSk8XjIMOwB8WXdcopx2lRfHytpxGC0O7I+0tCIQfaUR169YY6bbDFeTQ3Rxj4MxlELo42N62Pr6yXBtsnKrgRpxqkpyphhoYyMzFGQ8+BOlvVYmdbRwYPdT0CnGTMw3EV2CjanYQYEkqkQ/wH9Fe2RbOyWl4JVE7qp8NCU8diD03nDKBkBALeiHA0svM5IAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, простое число
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC5SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDMMPgPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPw3jm7wiTJmWAhiMzAY342tr5ckygX19bGSRgyyp2RlGW6CDOnoSOPxkGHYI+uWU0yUAQ3Rxj4MskanIvPqVUF8kg0AORtkM6q3ZG965NUbEg4DsPONdiP7FxwOxlELiQ9EWY+VaR0dPHDNOAIQqwE5brLFkFCHYhw2YzUAHFiysiux+ZUoA9CdT5IBiAQDxDIee4g1ZBDmBbobAACVTI0q5KV7ZAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
делит
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAAPCAYAAAA/I0V3AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACpSURBVDjLY2hsbGQgFTMMEU31eR6GsgwMbxgYGP4bRzf4dHSk8XjIMOwB8WXdcopx2lRfHytpxGC0O7I+0tCIQfaUR169YY6bbDFeTQ3Rxj4MxlELo42N62Pr6yXBtsnKrgRpxqkpyphhoYyMzFGQ8+BOlvVYmdbRwYPdT0CnGTMw3EV2CjanYQYEkqkQ/wH9Fe2RbOyWl4JVE7qp8NCU8diD03nDKBkBALeiHA0svM5IAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, то в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADMSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDOMEEOAgDHKmGEhkP4Pxf8YjKMWlpen8boZu9WmdXTw4DWkIdrYB6xRxmMPsmKYuKxbTjFel8AUGkc3+GCzIMdNthhdDkVBfZ6HoSwDwxuQs3F5M8/NOMUjr94QpyGQMDC+G1tfL0lWwHZ0pPF4yDDsQQ8HuDgigIHY+A6yRQiv1MdKGjMw3MXlFVyBSpIhoADF5VUsYSL7Bj3g4F7CYQFq7MBcg2QjKNHBYg1XtGMNbbSUCkmtaAE+EnMxKRgAd6jQkCN0LT8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
существует элемент порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC5SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDMMPgPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPw3jm7wiTJmWAhiMzAY342tr5ckygX19bGSRgyyp2RlGW6CDOnoSOPxkGHYI+uWU0yUAQ3Rxj4MskanIvPqVUF8kg0AORtkM6q3ZG965NUbEg4DsPONdiP7FxwOxlELiQ9EWY+VaR0dPHDNOAIQqwE5brLFkFCHYhw2YzUAHFiysiux+ZUoA9CdT5IBiAQDxDIee4g1ZBDmBbobAACVTI0q5KV7ZAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
.
Если
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC5SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDMMPgPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPw3jm7wiTJmWAhiMzAY342tr5ckygX19bGSRgyyp2RlGW6CDOnoSOPxkGHYI+uWU0yUAQ3Rxj4MskanIvPqVUF8kg0AORtkM6q3ZG965NUbEg4DsPONdiP7FxwOxlELiQ9EWY+VaR0dPHDNOAIQqwE5brLFkFCHYhw2YzUAHFiysiux+ZUoA9CdT5IBiAQDxDIee4g1ZBDmBbobAACVTI0q5KV7ZAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
делит
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABwAAAAYCAYAAADpnJ2CAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADaSURBVEjHY2hsbGSgJ2YYtXB4WFhfHytpbBxdT23DsZk7auHAWpjjJlvMwMDwn4FB9o2bm3Etg4zHnrSODh6qW9jRkcbjIcOwh8E4aiFcPQPDXVm3nGKa+DDKmGEhzDJkBxhHN/hQ3cKGaGMfBgbju7H19ZJwg/I8DGUZjE4hi1HNQly+QxdzM3arRY9Pii2ExR0o4RjHxqZERtYb0ihIQSkThI3vRtZHGkIsRQQz2FFYUizN8iHIUdgSEM0sjDY2rseWgGhiIT69NLEQFsfYCgGcFo7W+EPaQgDY/9+Oox9gUgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
для некоторого
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAkAAAARCAYAAAAPFIbmAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAB7SURBVCjPY2hsbGQghBlopyjHTbaYgcH4bmx9vSQNrauvj5U0ZmC4y8DA8N84usEHp0kdHWk87nLGs5Ddg6GoPs/DUNY4qhevm0A+k3XLKcapCGSVh6zsSo+8ekO8DjdiMNodG+sWhq4QzmiINvYB+YzBOGohHeOObEUABbnh2d12MPIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
– элемент порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADBSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDMMPgPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPw3jm7wiTJmWAhiMzAY342tr5ckygX19bGSRgyyp2RlGW6CDOnoSOPxkGHYI+uWU0yUAQ3Rxj4MskanIvPqVUF8kg0AORtkM6q3ZG965NUbEg4DsPONdiP7FxwOxlELiQ9EWY+VaR0dPMDAY4QEovEdbAGI1YAcN9liSKiD8T9cNmM1ABxYsrIrsfmVKAOQnU+yAYgEA3S2jMceYg0ZhHmB7gYAAEsNi6X5qrhGAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
, противоречие. Поэтому все элементы группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC8SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDOMIEOijBkWMjAw/Idj46iFHR1pPG7GbrVpHR08eA1piDb2AWuS8diDrBgmLuuWU4zXJTCFxtENPtgsyHGTLUaXQ1FQn+dhKMvA8AbkbFxezHMzTvHIqzfEaQgkDIzvxtbXS5IVsKAA85Bh2IMeDnBx5ABGswjhlfpYSWMGhru4vIIrUEkyBBSguLyKJUxk36AHHNxLOCxAjR2Ya9BshMUarmgnLqViSXgjNRcTiwEtI9O4eJHXcwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
имеют порядки, не делящиеся на
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADBSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDMMPgPq8zwMZRkY3jAwMPw3jm7wiTJmWAhiMzAY342tr5ckygX19bGSRgyyp2RlGW6CDOnoSOPxkGHYI+uWU0yUAQ3Rxj4MskanIvPqVUF8kg0AORtkM6q3ZG965NUbEg4DsPONdiP7FxwOxlELiQ9EWY+VaR0dPMDAY4QEovEdbAGI1YAcN9liSKiD8T9cNmM1ABxYsrIrsfmVKAOQnU+yAYgEA3S2jMceYg0ZhHmB7gYAAEsNi6X5qrhGAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
не делится на
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
.
Так как группа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADeSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAa0hBt7APU9J9BxmMPsmKYuKxbTjFel8AUGkc3+GCzIMdNthhdDkVBfZ6HoSwDwxuQs3F5M8/NOMUjr94QpyGQMDC+G1tfL4kvgNEDGc7o6Ejj8ZBh2IMeDnBxUBjBsfEdZIsQXqmPlTRmYLiLyyu4ApUkQ0ABitOrmGEi+wY94OBewmEBauxAXHMHbGN5uRQsEKuzXIxAsYYr2rFGI0ZKBWG0AB+iuZhuhgAAaEvEYAlBwx8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
абелева, то
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
– подгруппа, и к произведению
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
можно применить следующее
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAJAAAAAtCAYAAABBEuITAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAP8SURBVHja7Zs7bttAEIY3vdPHgNd3kLZPuWahOoAkqIqhSmDjwpVBqVPjC7hz6TPEJ/ANAkQniM8gRVyHMsPsa2YfJJIp/koWV9z5ODv8x8M2mw0jkbCiTSARQCQCiEQA/ZuqqsW5EPMK/L2yGAlZXkPX8F1vJtijmK8n2Ptaz8WEidlj6H0TJAkA2m6XZ8UFe/YNMBQgV/B9ZYOQAOoRoDowjLFDCoAUnJw/FWU1Cr63Y5bkvHhabrdnBNBAAKqzg5DyjjP+3TfIEIBWkt/EyD5t2Llc3RBAAwBIPdFidq+OGCZ2i6o6jwlQ/dmYjb+ZrqvgYmzPGH+VUtyxi+JZl118rkkAZQaoPlqkkHfL29uPqQAyZYum5moyk7oGYzvd3/pmNQIoM0C/6559XfsoeTz9EIBs9YpauwUApogfM/7SPnIJoIwAqbqnFSwV0MgAqaymuaYu2ynY2PgFlAGPGat9DwRQJoCauseUEZrg1FnJdKSEHGGm7HNaX8HEftrWpyOsJ4B0WaEJYBOsUsovdSawFcAhRXQD0BGQD21YxWJxPZ1Wo3VZfqp/n/rs8uqhm8GiFNFYt7Uh3NdxdZlXvq/JMRzUEIDagWo/2W/HibkOmgl+r3u1h77GtzPJn2uK3bSajo6/7YfuWCum1eckr/HYTYcWa0NyUFP5QDbNi+Kry7RLYSSeCvzuMRXLSMRuEsRxHZqDmhugbqGNBQj7INb7f3UpHrrHX5RWBmaToI7r0BzUnAA1Aa/rlBgAYUuBdgaM2kyFbhLUcfV0UA+xHdQmQxrlAXQoQO/u8NuauqBjAAIfX4DeXFKATo7rMcC+AA3RQSXFEXjT/3qqHdliqA4qqQeAMI5rnw4q9gizfuc/FxqgEMc1wEF9TeWgkjJmoFDH1eagduHL5aCSMgDkcFwPEMfV4KAeOg7qLpeDSuqpiIb6DSFG4qmGSeCgkgYKkM1xHZKDShogQD6ADMVBTWUeQpvLscxCbIPaJ2a2/Yi26e9ustlxhW4K5lp9AgT1sWJl/NAWkQtAJ0CkOABBx3lCFatBbaspCaBMAGHGeTpvpHtoBo/ZoDa91RJAGQDCjvOcspbBY3PVejFHfHz/Y5IAigxQyDhP1xuDfJ6iQW3KaARQQoCw4zwmh91lYbhqlpAGta45TQAlBChknKf+rm9W6AY/VYNa15wmgBIBZGsu+4zy6MCAgAZtUGPHewigBAC5mss+ozyhAEFHfOaTlcQ0pwmgiABhxnlMozyhAOmKbJ8RH2hzmgDK5AOZZBrliSGokYgZ7yGAegTI1liOJWgrA9qcJoB6Asg1yhNT0GYqpDlNAPUAkM8oT25hx3sIIFJS0SaQCCBSf/oFvAdHtWO7DBsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
не делится на
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
.
Затем
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAC8AAAAYCAYAAABqWKS5AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAHZSURBVFjD7VcxbsIwFP3dy14kzB2Sv3eqjAfmSgnKVJShQlkYGCpk2LJwATZGzlBOwA0qwQm4A1R2MDKWkzgEVULN4CVY77//3vO3gfl8Do+6HpZ4Q74h/xfkecI8pMnQdX+IsMLBrH8rudkA+4Dhqjb5NI2fWQc2rmTKCt9DgEogAHByIS8bJWTNEu7VJS/cJoSt4zR9vom8UBEpnRIgPy6ERpSMC+0GeBKrinCEjsaVycvOMVzIGADuI87bhft51PbB/87bJxsDOAKQA6U4hQ7b2FR1wSy1nyKdxpNJy5V8nkrqzChHBCEE2Nv2urrpkvPjeZ3KVCrKp8TSilcdAJn6ZKvHtjjnGrAsrpG35Va6Y2nQ5ppsFPyt+lZ2DpRTOqfCnOcpp4CEI6btttiYqk8mcesqQrIRONjwnGMjOrepp4op4ITSd6GY7SDZvinyAl9r/IRRNAwC7s2S5EXUk791e0vTudIDewbdqYwropnll9wfzcZCJAtzfAqVdAWvMXAX8MDLauFOJ/T1+eazgL/ebVSWrQFjH6ZSt1xSl+FgRKP2JeV6qOs+D0TTvS4uzcjVfh7kkSuaEFUeZmra6E7e7WFmvyWzVeflaN4nVbCaPyMN+f9G/hc2i2Sd9zo/YgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
обозначаем через
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAYCAYAAAD6S912AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADtSURBVEjH7ZQxDoIwFIbfATiAJJQ7kLc7lg5cQAiThsl0cSaFrYsXcOMeXMSBG3gH9dUUDYQYoXFieFObr3+/1z6o6xpcFqzA/wKVFBFyeXAC1LrwRAAtZlXiBJgiNABwdwKsMkyQ85IBuwqpokVA8sYwPRMUALtcKX82kLxx5GWhtecEaL31FYiW4LOAxttHAwx8LtB6G6XFtDFrADdKzPjx9BVoXA2S2DdIgErKDa0plfsYxpdh4ncq2gDQWV/29Fczxh4pqdiprZO/3DfrqcDZcCANcYiX4TNaNFkyIfaTDn++7sS/Xif28noA7dzCA9kxgnEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
и опять получаем, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
не делится на
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpNjuAEypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEsh67iTWEYXBmJroaAACxUYVtzIdP9wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Через конечное число шагов приходим к выводу, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADkAAAAYCAYAAABA6FUWAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAH6SURBVFjD7VexbsIwEL3usIOEO3eF+wc3Az8QomwoE0oHhkzIsEWq+gPdGPmG8gVI3bpUgi/oP0CxwTR1beMkHioUJEssvrv37r07BxaLBdz6uXmADcgG5C2DZGnQR5qOfRYwQlhiNB9WvT+PcAg4WnoBmedJK+jBuk5BVQr0QVSpQABw8AVSkEbIKkhZv24srjBCglWS563KIDnjSOmMAPn0URQ/E0qmti4ef3f8lGkCoZNpJZCCJRy9CGkB7mLGurWZZ3F3AIM3UyxBAMAegHxRijPoBWtTl1xiXpUURTpLsqztE6SJdel72WFeOALsTB1yVYeLD/fnc3BhtI5/RL5CkWWH3ambZKNayu7DQnBRQAWQqq+EIjRxdEoRhMBg46oe2XmVFKsPbSy7rhydxHVyVeNnWdIuStebXDnrOqZlQl5Ycepdm34c6OM9vqogdUNCguQxZUfEyorjcRgq8tPkdRo858Bb6UHJ9ElGF1/uofPw0QV8D1nYvzYUTCAl68W7v/Pg9hx/y//z+1K6pry1Vsgfr6Zph1L6FCA+i4QYMXW3SaZtIMs+Bmx5vTwGVFnw4ri5OfucvR//FTp+lHw6TzsmkGWfdbq83p91xcJkggiR2SafrZNlH+imvF4f6PLIBBcPW9bKZc962K9l8jbfkw3IBuT/Pt8AX8fpdDTP7QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
не делится на
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpNjuAEypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEsh67iTWEYXBmJroaAACxUYVtzIdP9wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Но
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, т.е. получаем, что
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABsAAAAVCAYAAAC33pUlAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAD4SURBVEjHY2hsbGSgF2YY9JYBASMMk2xZfX2spLFxdD0xlkQZMywE0v/g2DhqYXl5Gq+bsVttWkcHD0wtNjOJtqwh2tgHaPh/BhmPPciGwsRl3XKKkdWTbRnMQOPoBh9s8jlussXocmRZVp/nYSjLwPAGFFy4HJPnZpzikVdvSLFlkDgyvhtbXy+JL6GgJxaSLevoSOPxkGHYgx5PcHFQHMKx8R1kB5FsGVicgeEuriDElThoYhkoYeAKYgriTPYNegKAByUOh5CXGiG+uwP2QXm5FCwxVGe5GIFSKa7sQFGmxig5QBgt4VDNMlLxqGW0tWy0pqYUAwDngyu+WodczgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
не делит
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Противоречие. Значит, допущение неверно и лемма спарведлива.
Пусть
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
– простое число.
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-
Группой называют конечную группу, порядок которой есть степень числа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Конечная группа называется примарной, если она является
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-группой для некоторого простого
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
.
Теорема 1.3 . Пусть конечная группа
имеет порядок
, где
– простое число и
не делит
. Тогда спарведливы следующие утверждения: в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADeSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAa0hBt7APU9J9BxmMPsmKYuKxbTjFel8AUGkc3+GCzIMdNthhdDkVBfZ6HoSwDwxuQs3F5M8/NOMUjr94QpyGQMDC+G1tfL4kvgNEDGc7o6Ejj8ZBh2IMeDnBxUBjBsfEdZIsQXqmPlTRmYLiLyyu4ApUkQ0ABitOrmGEi+wY94OBewmEBauxAXHMHbGN5uRQsEKuzXIxAsYYr2rFGI0ZKBWG0AB+iuZhuhgAAaEvEYAlBwx8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
существует подгруппа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
для каждого
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
;
если
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABMAAAARCAYAAAA/mJfHAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADJSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFmagi2FAwAjDxIjjNCzKmGEhUPF/KP4n65ZTjE+coMty3GSLGRhk33jk1RsSI47XMLArjKMWEiuO07D6+lhJYwaGu8bRDT7EiOM1rCHa2IeBwfhubHm5FHKAw8Xr6yWJNgwpoP+h4f+4vIjVsI6ONB4PGYY96DFFyItYDavP8zCUZZC9iR5bEC9ij0WchoGjXsZjT1pHBw8x4jgNKy+PlQJ5Bd2LuMRxGgZJjEiBDQ1odHF8BjIMvVKDHAwAHJvDHhGGI9oAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
–
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
-подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADeSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAa0hBt7APU9J9BxmMPsmKYuKxbTjFel8AUGkc3+GCzIMdNthhdDkVBfZ6HoSwDwxuQs3F5M8/NOMUjr94QpyGQMDC+G1tfL4kvgNEDGc7o6Ejj8ZBh2IMeDnBxUBjBsfEdZIsQXqmPlTRmYLiLyyu4ApUkQ0ABitOrmGEi+wY94OBewmEBauxAXHMHbGN5uRQsEKuzXIxAsYYr2rFGI0ZKBWG0AB+iuZhuhgAAaEvEYAlBwx8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAC6SURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQzAAgYMSGiTKgIdrYB6j4HxD/h+J/EGx8N7a+XpIoF9TneRjKMjC8MY5u8AHxOzrSeDxkGPYwyHjsSevo4CFoAMQVqDbmuMkWo4vhNCDKmGEhg3HUQgwxYlxQXx8raczAcBfkfFjgQWxn+AfzEjGBiBR44AC8gx6AOA3A5lSi0wHM+bJuOcVkJSRI9Mne9MirNyTZAFBgYQt9ogyAJpzX8EAjNwwGT24kFgMAGgV85DE977EAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
– подгруппа порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, то существует такой элемент
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
;
любые две подгруппы порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
сопряжены в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADlSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAaUh9p7AvU9J9B1mM3suKGaGMfkLisW04xXpfAFBpHN/hgsyDHTbYYXQ7VBXkehrIMDG9AzsblzTw34xSPvHpDnIZAwsD4bmx9vSS+AEYPZDijoyONx0OGYQ+DjMce5HCAi4PCCI6N7yBbhPBKfaykMQPDXVxewRWoJBkCClCcXsUME9k36AEH9xIOC1BjB+KaO2Aby8ulYIFYneViBIo1XNGONRoxUioIoyW8IZqL6WYIAGDsxF7fD3CIAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
;
число подгрупп порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADeSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAa0hBt7APU9J9BxmMPsmKYuKxbTjFel8AUGkc3+GCzIMdNthhdDkVBfZ6HoSwDwxuQs3F5M8/NOMUjr94QpyGQMDC+G1tfL4kvgNEDGc7o6Ejj8ZBh2IMeDnBxUBjBsfEdZIsQXqmPlTRmYLiLyyu4ApUkQ0ABitOrmGEi+wY94OBewmEBauxAXHMHbGN5uRQsEKuzXIxAsYYr2rFGI0ZKBWG0AB+iuZhuhgAAaEvEYAlBwx8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
сравнимо с единицей по модулю
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpNjuAEypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEsh67iTWEYXBmJroaAACxUYVtzIdP9wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
и делит
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAAPCAYAAADQ4S5JAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAACPSURBVCjPY2hsbGQgBTMMjAYgYIRhghrq62MljRkY7gIV/wPi/7JuOcV4NeS4yRYzGEctBLEboo19jKMbfPDbkOdhKMtgdCq2vl6SaD+ATGaQ8diT1tHBg1dDtIdHMkxRlDHDQnT3o2jo6Ejj8ZBh2ANyMyh0QBpgfsGqARo6d6ChA8TGd7D5g2GIJA18GACEIAI60a4hqgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
.
Доказательство. Доказательство проведём индукцией по
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. По индукции считаем, что для всех групп, порядок которых меньше порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADlSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAaUh9p7AvU9J9B1mM3suKGaGMfkLisW04xXpfAFBpHN/hgsyDHTbYYXQ7VBXkehrIMDG9AzsblzTw34xSPvHpDnIZAwsD4bmx9vSS+AEYPZDijoyONx0OGYQ+DjMce5HCAi4PCCI6N7yBbhPBKfaykMQPDXVxewRWoJBkCClCcXsUME9k36AEH9xIOC1BjB+KaO2Aby8ulYIFYneViBIo1XNGONRoxUioIoyW8IZqL6WYIAGDsxF7fD3CIAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
утверждение теоремы выполняется. Рассмотрим два случая.
Случай 1. Порядок центра
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
делится на
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
.
Так как
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
– абелева группа, то к
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
применима лемма 1.2. По этой лемме в
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
есть элемент
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAANCAYAAABy6+R8AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAABySURBVCjPY2hsbGQgFTNQTRMQMCJjvJo6OtJ4PGQY9gAV/oPi/wwMsm888uoNcWqqz4tUjcyrV4Xxo4wZFhpHN/gQ7SdcGnBqwqcBqyZCGjA0wTTAQq0+MtIwtr5eEqemHDfZYqRQg2DjqIW0jVyaaAIAhZPuZ5wljw0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
. Так как
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
– нормальная подгруппа группы
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADlSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAaUh9p7AvU9J9B1mM3suKGaGMfkLisW04xXpfAFBpHN/hgsyDHTbYYXQ7VBXkehrIMDG9AzsblzTw34xSPvHpDnIZAwsD4bmx9vSS+AEYPZDijoyONx0OGYQ+DjMce5HCAi4PCCI6N7yBbhPBKfaykMQPDXVxewRWoJBkCClCcXsUME9k36AEH9xIOC1BjB+KaO2Aby8ulYIFYneViBIo1XNGONRoxUioIoyW8IZqL6WYIAGDsxF7fD3CIAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAARCAYAAADUryzEAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADOSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgBDPQxAAgYARhXHy8BtTneRjKMjC8Bmr4bxzd4BNlzLAQyP7HwGB8N7a+XpIoF9TXx0oaMciekpVluAkypKMjjcdDhmGPrFtOMVEGNEQb+zDIGp2KzKtXBfFJNgDkbJDNqN6SvemRV29IOAzAzjfajexfcDgYRy0kPhBlPVamlZfzgkIeEojGd7AFIFYDctxkiyGhDsU4bMZqADiwZGVXYvMrUQZUZ7kYgZ3f0cFDsgGIBAPEMh57iDWEYXBmJroaAACuHYVs4rDX8wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
, то факторгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACEAAAATCAYAAAAeVmTJAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAGKSURBVEjH7VU9bsIwFHZ3OAAV5g707UyV64EZiUSZGmWoUBaGDKgy2bL0At24BxdBghtwhrY28Ysc/5VOqBKRnoL8nr/3vXyfDanrmtw6bk7g/5CQzwPGVYC/1PryUbAEyE6+v7qAZFdVxZABey+aZqDqUgCRCTFSv4XIRkDIUdZ+kzHfY42KpikGfEz2l5zGipLYpjD3AeE6Zat11xRS4d9Pz7wUUzuXAP2w14MEIN3OfQRXjK4xp2p9dSWDnFJyMKftSE9ePs3BHBKi5FNKyNnebDfASUwpep+dp6/tMHAy8wofWJlHjdl6oL/RZ1AVISmwkfbHCaWzB/CS6IwTN5QOOGYZ5CEpsNFlKI2ncExDe0kg85AUtilDUpiNWnnpQZEKSfEnEsqQKFVQCrnOWLlwvqLEDEkR8IR7tEwwnJAvxcwhseQzey8e1wm4p8J/OrrLRk5cVY9ows3b85M6NeiBkrGFLUV3iVXV0IPZM+hV17ZzU6qIGEz7RddK01oEY1Lc/0XvJHzxA6W7ddm7a1hOAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
имеет порядок
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и по индукции в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
имеется подгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABMAAAAXCAYAAADpwXTaAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADrSURBVDjL1ZSxDYMwEEUvPQsg4SHQ7YBckAECoqVCNNTRQec1mCMsEilMkMxAEkIcgZHBjmhA+oVdfP//fAaqqoKtBPswe38HE5madSbaOTMTftZmZYzhl89zygvbhMi1TkY59xnAA+My7NdCpA73oAGPN6kQjpXZkG6aJAtYsZROaxYh1IBRPduzTUaUuAjQ4omOEvyQCjpZ2/YCVPg3tV7PMcDgLJPqKy7UUUdIm0xWZEFWrBmph2pGgl15Tv6aWY9jzHAWWd7i2rT3ihFpzFEd0vsPOOOXJWYfHBjTJg9dPrkx2x3+gv7RC4M1XC6jkQpQAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
порядка
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
для каждого
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. По теореме о соответствии в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABEAAAATCAYAAAB2pebxAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADeSURBVDjLY2hsbGSgFDMMHUOAgBGGSTYEpCnKmGEhkP4Hx8ZRC8vL03jdjN1q0zo6ePAa0hBt7APU9J9BxmMPsmKYuKxbTjFel8AUGkc3+GCzIMdNthhdDkVBfZ6HoSwDwxuQs3F5M8/NOMUjr94QpyGQMDC+G1tfL4kvgNEDGc7o6Ejj8ZBh2IMeDnBxUBjBsfEdZIsQXqmPlTRmYLiLyyu4ApUkQ0ABitOrmGEi+wY94OBewmEBauxAXHMHbGN5uRQsEKuzXIxAsYYr2rFGI0ZKBWG0AB+iuZhuhgAAaEvEYAlBwx8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
имеется подгруппа
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAAYCAYAAADzoH0MAAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAADKSURBVDjL7VSxDYMwELwBWAAJD4F+B8sFE2DRUiEa6uhx5zXYg0VSsEF2IELIJAFDHNJSfOF/6f50d28YY/BP4QLwA7SaMgDjtmgomOMgBlyrVAAP0m02va0tI5WgR6L60troK8DM4nNjJUWz7u0C5IQOlHebXggD5iImYHD0X9sxvvd+FHEr4C6Aj2qwjY6+kFVzKgezfeKuak7Xs8lKSfJ2KKJP/SAGLjiLaB4Ngm08CleQjXuliTj4FrzukObT5+zCtbb3+tIMnir9MPryXjhHAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
такая, что
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
и
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
. Теперь
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
, где
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAGEAAAAVCAYAAABWtYB0AAAAAXNSR0ICQMB9xQAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAAAHgSURBVGje7Vg7jsIwEJ0DsAdAwnR7ADI9ZbBW1CuRiGpXVCgNBaVJF2nFBegoOQOcgDMsN+AM+7HB2azzByewWRdTjDSWJ+/5PXsCvu+DiduGAcGQYKIWEoJg0qId2EGH7iZB0MqqZWzcRoADAHzyQHcxbALIeRjEFkxtMgPAw5ix9rWb/wI1hwTe6KCLK7nvqY+/T8QZg/csDGppRACaQwIb0T71WC92etBZN0ENWRjcDQlJ4SCs/xUJUetIsgAByNmrEyMDrEtIkEqo0o7Ub2Ye7RGAo7RjNa9FCaov31IJAgBCN2XVcwkRFpA9dekL389jo0cLrK3r0adoXhsJ4sPRWd6DHTlIltE7oqpYuDgEYu0R6RvvT+SWtcXuYBXmCb2XdYbCJPBCYk9nqf5ckx3x+rpeRafvIkdJ+Cn/sR+e6+ilEAnCgwnZVHH6ypDAT170IHB10hHrV/l+lyDLOyKa67CiUhez2HBsP+smQpyuAiQI6cdUpmdmKXLvqNYj8m+Feza+XotJiMF8/pBKQgiAxiehOgFHZa++PORwlmZzar06heblSS8d1X5V65EWnGbRJYe1DxWDu/l3pA5puut1r2/UD7xQJQWVV7Ze9/pGkmDCkGBIMGFIMCSYiMcXlaq8X7TfeE4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
. Итак, в группе
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
порядков
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
соответственно.